ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse plan to ensure atraumatic care?
- A. Limit explanation of procedures because the child is preschool-aged
- B. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures
- C. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oral medications
- D. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there is not time for it to be effective
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Allowing the child to make choices, such as selecting the type of juice, helps to maintain a sense of control and reduce anxiety, ensuring atraumatic care.
2. In addition to injuries, what are the leading causes of death in adolescents ages 15 to 19 years?
- A. Suicide and cancer
- B. Suicide and homicide
- C. Drowning and cancer
- D. Homicide and heart disease
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Suicide and homicide are significant causes of death in adolescents, highlighting the need for mental health and violence prevention programs.
3. Which drug is usually the best choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child in the immediate postoperative period?
- A. Codeine sulfate (Codeine)
- B. Morphine (Roxanol)
- C. Methadone (Dolophine)
- D. Meperidine (Demerol)
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Morphine is the drug of choice for PCA in children because of its efficacy, safety profile, and rapid onset of action for pain management.
4. Which physiological acid-base balance complication would be most important for the nurse to assess in a patient with diarrhea?
- A. High serum pH
- B. Normal serum pH
- C. Metabolic alkalosis
- D. Metabolic acidosis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is metabolic acidosis. Diarrhea can lead to the loss of bicarbonate, causing an imbalance in the acid-base status of the body, specifically resulting in metabolic acidosis. High serum pH (choice A) is incorrect as diarrhea-induced bicarbonate loss would lower pH, not increase it. Normal serum pH (choice B) is not the best answer as diarrhea can disrupt the acid-base balance. Metabolic alkalosis (choice C) is an alkaline state, which is less likely to be caused by diarrhea.
5. According to Piaget, a 6-month-old infant should be in which developmental stage?
- A. Use of reflexes
- B. Primary circular reactions
- C. Secondary circular reactions
- D. Coordination of secondary schemata
Correct answer: C
Rationale: By 6 months, infants are usually in the stage of secondary circular reactions, where they start to intentionally repeat actions that bring pleasure or interesting results.
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