Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is caring for a client with rheumatoid arthritis one day after shoulder surgery. What would prompt the nurse to call the provider immediately?

• A. The client refused her pain medication this morning and is doing physical therapy.
• B. The client reports a minor headache and states she takes an over-the-counter pain pill at home.
• C. The client reports intermittent flatus and minor abdominal discomfort.
• D. The client has paresthesia in her fingers and intense increasing pain in her shoulder.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a client with rheumatoid arthritis one day after shoulder surgery, paresthesia in the fingers and intense increasing pain in the shoulder could indicate nerve compression or damage, which are serious post-operative complications. This situation requires immediate attention from the provider to prevent further complications and ensure appropriate management. The other options, such as refusing pain medication, reporting a minor headache, or experiencing minor abdominal discomfort, are important but not as urgent or indicative of potential serious complications as paresthesia in the fingers and intense increasing pain in the shoulder.

2. What should the nurse do first if they are stuck by a needle?

• A. Seek medical attention
• B. Flush the exposed skin with water
• C. Complete an incident report
• D. Report the exposure

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

3. The client had surgery one day ago. What assessment is most likely related to pain?

• A. Blood pressure of 175/90 mm Hg
• B. Respirations of 10 breaths per minute
• C. Heart rate 60 beats/minute
• D. Oxygen saturation of 97%

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

4. A client is diagnosed with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). What symptoms is the first to occur?

• A. Tachycardia
• B. Raynaud's phenomenon
• C. Intense wrinkle
• D. Joint pain

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

5. What is true about antiretroviral drugs used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

• A. A few missed doses per month are acceptable
• B. Only specific licensed drugs are effective
• C. These drugs inhibit viral replication
• D. These drugs eradicate the virus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is that antiretroviral drugs inhibit viral replication. These medications work by interfering with the ability of the HIV virus to multiply in the body, helping to control the infection. Choice A is incorrect because consistency in taking antiretroviral drugs is crucial to their effectiveness. Missing doses can lead to treatment failure and the development of drug-resistant strains of HIV. Choice B is incorrect as there are multiple licensed drugs that are effective in treating HIV. Choice D is also incorrect as antiretroviral drugs do not kill the virus but rather suppress its replication.

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