ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2023
1. The client is prescribed a long-acting beta2 agonist and expresses concerns about the cost, stating they only use the inhaler during asthma attacks. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Explain the importance of using the inhaler daily to prevent asthma attacks.
- B. Suggest identifying community services to help with the cost and encourage daily use of the inhaler.
- C. Explore the client's fears regarding breathlessness.
- D. Emphasize the necessity of using this inhaler daily and discuss potential community services for financial assistance.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct response should address the client's concern about the cost of using the inhaler daily. While emphasizing the importance of daily use is crucial, it is also essential to acknowledge and offer support for the financial burden. Identifying community resources can help the client access affordable medications. Exploring fears related to breathlessness does not directly address the client's financial concerns.
2. What is the most common injury among elderly persons?
- A. Atherosclerotic changes in the blood vessels
- B. Increased incidence of gallbladder disease
- C. Urinary Tract Infection
- D. Hip fracture
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hip fracture is the most common injury among elderly persons. As people age, their bones become more fragile, making them more susceptible to hip fractures, often resulting from falls. These fractures can significantly impact an elderly person's quality of life and mobility, making them a significant concern in geriatric care.
3. Which information shown in the table below about a patient who has just arrived in the emergency department is most urgent for the nurse to communicate to the healthcare provider?
- A. Heart rate
- B. Platelet count
- C. Abdominal pain
- D. White blood cell count
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Platelet count. The platelet count is severely decreased, indicating a risk for spontaneous bleeding, which is a critical condition requiring immediate attention. While heart rate, abdominal pain, and white blood cell count are important, a severely decreased platelet count poses a more imminent threat to the patient's health and requires urgent communication to the healthcare provider. The nurse should prioritize addressing this potentially life-threatening issue to ensure prompt intervention and management.
4. Sigmund Freud constructed his psychosexual theory __________.
- A. on the basis of his adult patients' memories of painful childhood events
- B. by conducting studies of animal behavior
- C. on the basis of interviews with institutionalized children and adolescents
- D. by carefully observing his own children
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Sigmund Freud constructed his psychosexual theory on the basis of his adult patients' memories of painful childhood events. Freud believed that events in early childhood had a significant impact on an individual's development and personality. He used his patients' recollections of childhood experiences to develop his theories on psychosexual development. Choice B is incorrect as Freud did not base his theory on studies of animal behavior. Choice C is incorrect as Freud's theory was not solely based on interviews with institutionalized children and adolescents. Choice D is incorrect as Freud did not construct his theory by observing his own children.
5. A client who is intubated and has an intra-aortic balloon pump is restless and agitated. What action should the nurse perform first for comfort?
- A. Allow family members to remain at the bedside.
- B. Ask the family if the client would like a fan in the room.
- C. Keep the television tuned to the client's favorite channel.
- D. Speak loudly to the client in case of hearing problems.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Allowing the family to remain at the bedside can help calm the client with familiar voices and presence, potentially reducing restlessness and agitation. Introducing a fan may not be the priority as it can spread germs through air movement. Keeping the television on all the time may not promote rest and recovery. Speaking loudly is not advisable as it may further agitate the client. Therefore, the initial action of allowing family members to stay is most likely to provide comfort and reassurance to the client.
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