ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam
1. When working as a professional nurse, what is the priority for a new nurse working on an inpatient medical-surgical unit with a preceptor?
- A. Attending to holistic client needs
- B. Ensuring client safety
- C. Avoiding medication errors
- D. Providing client-focused care
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The priority for a nurse working on an inpatient medical-surgical unit is to ensure client safety. This is crucial as errors in hospital care can lead to preventable deaths. While attending to holistic client needs and providing client-focused care are important aspects of nursing, ensuring client safety takes precedence to prevent harm and promote positive patient outcomes.
2. A nurse is planning care for a client who reports increasing difficulty swallowing food. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Turn on the client’s television during meals.
- B. Place the client into a semi-reclining position for meals.
- C. Encourage the client to rest prior to mealtimes.
- D. Encourage the client to use a straw when drinking liquids.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the client to rest prior to mealtimes can help reduce fatigue and improve the ability to swallow.
3. When teaching the parents of a child who has a new prescription for Desipramine, which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the parents is the priority to report to the provider?
- A. Constipation
- B. Suicidal thoughts
- C. Photophobia
- D. Dry mouth
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The priority adverse effect to report when a child is taking Desipramine is suicidal thoughts. Desipramine can lead to an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The nurse should emphasize to the parents the importance of monitoring the child for any signs of worsening depression or suicidal ideation. Prompt reporting of such symptoms can help prevent harm to the child. Choices A, C, and D are not the priority adverse effects associated with Desipramine. While constipation, photophobia, and dry mouth can occur as side effects of Desipramine, they are not as critical as the risk of suicidal thoughts, which requires immediate attention to ensure the safety of the child.
4. Nurses should be alert for increased fluid requirements in which circumstance?
- A. Fever
- B. Mechanical ventilation
- C. Congestive heart failure
- D. Increased intracranial pressure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Fever increases metabolic rate, leading to insensible water loss, thus requiring increased fluid intake. Mechanical ventilation, CHF, and increased intracranial pressure generally require fluid restriction rather than increased fluid intake.
5. What is a person's total genetic endowment?
- A. Phenotype
- B. Genotype
- C. Chromosomes
- D. DNA
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Genotype. A genotype refers to a person's total genetic endowment, representing the specific genetic makeup inherited from their parents. This includes all the genes and genetic information contained in an individual's DNA. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because: A) Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics resulting from the interaction of genetics and the environment; C) Chromosomes are physical structures that contain genes, not the total genetic endowment itself; D) DNA carries genetic information but is just one component of an individual's total genetic endowment.
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