Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is aware that if patients from different cultures are implied to be inferior, the emotional attitude the nurse is displaying is what?

• A. Acculturation
• B. Ethnocentrism
• C. Cultural shock
• D. Cultural sensitivity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others, which can lead to bias and a lack of cultural competence in healthcare.

2. As children grow and develop, their style of play changes. Which play style is descriptive of the school-age child?

• A. Plays alone but not with other children
• B. Plays games with other children and is able to follow the rules of the game
• C. Plays alone with play directed by others
• D. Plays with others in loose groups

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. School-age children are typically able to play structured games with other children and follow the rules of the game. This ability reflects their growing cognitive and social development. Choice A is incorrect as school-age children often engage in group play. Choice C is incorrect as school-age children usually have more autonomy in their play choices. Choice D is incorrect as school-age children tend to form more organized play settings rather than loose groups.

3. Which explains the importance of detecting strabismus in young children?

• A. Color vision deficit may result.
• B. Amblyopia, a type of blindness, may result.
• C. Epicanthal folds may develop in the affected eye
• D. Corneal light reflexes may fall symmetrically within each pupil

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Undetected strabismus can lead to amblyopia, where the brain favors one eye over the other, potentially resulting in permanent vision loss in the affected eye.

4. What diagnostic test allows visualization of renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposure to external-beam radiation or radioactive isotopes?

• A. Renal ultrasonography
• B. Computed tomography
• C. Intravenous pyelography
• D. Voiding cystourethrography

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Renal ultrasonography provides imaging of the renal parenchyma and pelvis without the risks associated with radiation or radioactive isotopes, making it a safer option, especially for children.

5. A child has been diagnosed with a Wilms tumor. What should preoperative nursing care include?

• A. Careful bathing and handling
• B. Monitoring of behavioral status
• C. Maintenance of strict isolation
• D. Administration of packed red blood cells

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Careful bathing and handling. Preoperative care for a child with a Wilms tumor should focus on preventing any trauma to the abdomen, which could lead to tumor rupture. Monitoring behavioral status and maintaining strict isolation are not as critical in this situation. Behavioral status is important but not a priority in preoperative care for a Wilms tumor. Strict isolation is not necessary unless there are specific infectious concerns, which is not typically the case for a Wilms tumor. Administration of packed red blood cells is not a standard preoperative intervention for Wilms tumor.

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