Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms. Which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess?

• A. Restlessness
• B. Distractibility
• C. Rectal discharge
• D. Intense perianal itching

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Intense perianal itching is the most common symptom of pinworm infection, especially at night when the female worms lay their eggs

2. At what stage can infants raise their heads and gain control of their trunks before walking due to which directional pattern of development?

• A. Cephalocaudal
• B. Anterior to posterior
• C. Proximodistal
• D. Normal growth curve charts

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cephalocaudal. The cephalocaudal pattern of development means that growth and motor control proceed from the head downward through the body. This explains why infants can raise their heads before they can sit and gain control of their trunks before walking. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Anterior to posterior refers to development from the front to the back, while proximodistal refers to development from the center of the body outward. Normal growth curve charts are used to track physical growth over time and are not directly related to the directional pattern of development in infants.

3. An adolescent with irritable bowel syndrome comes to see the school nurse. What information should the nurse share with the adolescent?

• A. A low-fiber diet is not always required.
• B. Stress management may be helpful.
• C. Milk products may or may not be a contributing factor.
• D. Pantoprazole (a proton pump inhibitor) is not a first-line treatment.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stress management may be helpful. Stress is known to exacerbate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), making stress management an essential part of managing the condition. While dietary modifications can also be beneficial, a low-fiber diet is not universally recommended for IBS, as fiber can be important for some individuals. Milk products may or may not be contributing factors, as food triggers can vary among individuals. Pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, is not typically the first-line treatment for IBS, as it is more commonly used for conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease.

4. An infant has been diagnosed with bladder obstruction. What do symptoms of this disorder include?

• A. Renal colic
• B. Strong urinary stream
• C. Urinary tract infections
• D. Post urination dribbling

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Post-urination dribbling is a symptom of bladder obstruction due to the incomplete emptying of the bladder. A strong urinary stream is typically absent in such cases. UTIs are common, but dribbling is more directly related to the obstruction.

5. The nurse is preparing to admit a 5-year-old child with hepatitis A. What clinical features of hepatitis A should the nurse recognize?

• A. The onset is rapid.
• B. Fever occurs early.
• C. All are applicable
• D. Nausea and vomiting are common.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Hepatitis A typically presents with a rapid onset, early fever, and nausea/vomiting. These are common clinical features seen in patients with hepatitis A. A pruritic rash is not commonly associated with hepatitis A, so choice C is incorrect. Choice A and B alone are not sufficient to cover all the clinical features of hepatitis A.

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