procedure performed prior blood transfusion to detect incompatibilities is called

ATI RN

ATI Community Health Nursing Ch 7

1. What procedure is performed prior to a blood transfusion to detect incompatibilities?

A. Grouping and crossmatching
B. Complete blood count
C. D-dimer test
D. Blood clotting test

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Grouping and crossmatching is the procedure performed prior to a blood transfusion to determine the blood type and identify any potential incompatibilities between the donor and recipient. This process involves testing the recipient's blood for ABO and Rh antigens and crossmatching it with the donor's blood to ensure compatibility and prevent adverse reactions during the transfusion. Complete blood count, D-dimer test, and blood clotting test are other laboratory tests that serve different purposes and are not specifically done to detect incompatibilities prior to blood transfusion.

2. Identifying that numerous factors influence chronic illnesses such as hypertension, which of the following would be an upstream factor to enhance health outcomes for adults with hypertension in the community?

A. Nutritional classes featuring low-fat and low-carb choices.
B. Motivational interviewing sessions for smoking cessation.
C. Working with the public health department to restrict smoking in public.
D. Initiating chair yoga classes for seniors in the community.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Working with the public health department to restrict smoking in public is an upstream factor that focuses on implementing population-level interventions to prevent health issues such as hypertension. By creating policies to limit smoking in public spaces, it can help reduce the overall exposure to tobacco smoke, thereby positively impacting the health outcomes of adults with hypertension in the community.

3. Which best describes the goal of primary prevention?

A. Preventing the onset of disease
B. Managing existing health conditions
C. Educating the community about healthy lifestyles
D. Improving quality of life for those with chronic conditions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The goal of primary prevention is to prevent the onset of disease before it occurs. This is achieved through interventions such as vaccinations, health education, and lifestyle modifications aimed at reducing the risk of developing various illnesses. Primary prevention focuses on promoting health and preventing diseases from ever occurring in the first place, distinguishing it from managing existing conditions (choice B) or improving the quality of life for individuals with chronic illnesses (choice D). Educating the community about healthy lifestyles (choice C) is a component of primary prevention as it aims to instill behaviors that reduce the likelihood of disease development.

4. As an important tool for planning a community health survey was conducted, the first tangible outcome of collaboration and teamwork with the Local Health Department and its Rural Health Units (RHUs) was observed. This later led to case findings activities via collection and examination of stools from children for suspected parasitism. Which of the following community nursing diagnoses will guide the Parish Health Team for concrete action?

A. Parasitism as a foreseeable crisis
B. Malnutrition as a health deficit
C. Parasitism as a health deficit
D. Parasitism as a health threat

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Parasitism as a health threat' as it is the most appropriate diagnosis that focuses on the immediate and significant health threat posed by parasitic infections, which can have widespread implications in a community setting. This diagnosis would guide the Parish Health Team to take concrete actions to address and mitigate the health risks associated with parasitism.

5. Care provided by specialists in health facilities such as medical centers, regional, and provincial hospitals falls under which level of care?

A. Secondary level of care
B. Tertiary level of care
C. Primary level of care
D. Intermediate level of care

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Tertiary level of care encompasses specialized care provided by experts in medical centers, regional, and provincial hospitals. This level of care focuses on advanced diagnostic, treatment, and management of complex health conditions beyond what primary and secondary care levels offer.