ATI RN
Human Growth and Development Clep Practice Exam
1. How does physical activity impact mental health?
- A. Reduces anxiety and depression
- B. Improves mood, but decreases alertness
- C. Decreases mood, alertness, and energy
- D. Decreases neural activity in the cerebral cortex
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Physical activity is known to have a positive impact on mental health by reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Choice B is incorrect because physical activity generally improves both mood and alertness. Choice C is incorrect as physical activity tends to increase mood, alertness, and energy levels. Choice D is incorrect as physical activity actually increases neural activity in the cerebral cortex, which is associated with improved cognitive function and mental well-being.
2. How does critical theory differ from other nursing theories such as the Health Belief Model or Orem’s self-care deficit theory?
- A. Critical theory can be utilized by professionals other than nurses.
- B. Critical theory focuses on oppression and enables group action.
- C. Critical theory is indirectly associated with health promotion.
- D. Critical theory addresses challenging an individual’s beliefs.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Critical theory differs from other nursing theories like the Health Belief Model or Orem's self-care deficit theory by focusing on oppression and enabling group action. Unlike these nursing theories that may concentrate more on individual beliefs, critical theory aims to address broader societal issues and promote collective action for social change.
3. The child is admitted to the hospital unit newly diagnosed with retinoblastoma. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse anticipate upon assessment?
- A. A white reflex
- B. Blue-tinged sclerae
- C. A red reflex
- D. Yellow-tinged sclerae
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A white reflex. The 'white reflex' or leukocoria is a common sign of retinoblastoma. It occurs when the light reflects off the tumor in the eye, giving the pupil a white appearance instead of the normal red reflex. Blue-tinged sclerae (choice B) and yellow-tinged sclerae (choice D) are not typical manifestations of retinoblastoma. A red reflex (choice C) is the normal reflection seen in the eye when light is shone on it and is not associated with retinoblastoma.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
- A. Lorazepam
- B. Atenolol
- C. Naltrexone
- D. Methadone
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Lorazepam is the correct choice for managing acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms due to its effectiveness in controlling agitation and tremors associated with this condition. Atenolol (Choice B) is a beta-blocker mainly used for hypertension and angina, not for alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Naltrexone (Choice C) is used for alcohol dependence treatment by reducing cravings and the rewarding effects of alcohol, but it is not typically used in acute withdrawal situations. Methadone (Choice D) is an opioid agonist mainly used for opioid detoxification and maintenance therapy, not for alcohol withdrawal.
5. The nurse is administering a beta blocker to the client diagnosed with essential hypertension. Which data would cause the nurse to question administering the medication?
- A. The client’s BP is 110/70
- B. The client’s potassium level is 3.4 mEq/L
- C. The client has a barky cough
- D. The client’s apical pulse is 56
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. A beta blocker should be withheld if the apical pulse is below 60, as it can further decrease the heart rate. Choice A is not a reason to question administering the medication as the blood pressure is within a normal range for a client with essential hypertension. Choice B is not directly related to the administration of a beta blocker. Choice C suggests a potential side effect of an ACE inhibitor, not a beta blocker.
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