Nursing Elites

1. How does physical activity impact mental health?

• A. Reduces anxiety and depression
• B. Improves mood, but decreases alertness
• C. Decreases mood, alertness, and energy
• D. Decreases neural activity in the cerebral cortex

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Physical activity is known to have a positive impact on mental health by reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Choice B is incorrect because physical activity generally improves both mood and alertness. Choice C is incorrect as physical activity tends to increase mood, alertness, and energy levels. Choice D is incorrect as physical activity actually increases neural activity in the cerebral cortex, which is associated with improved cognitive function and mental well-being.

2. __________ coping is largely emotion-focused and self-blaming, impulsive, or escapist.

• A. Avoidant
• B. Ineffective
• C. Problem-focused
• D. Flexible

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Avoidant.' Avoidant coping refers to strategies that involve avoiding the problem and focusing more on emotions. This type of coping mechanism can often lead to negative outcomes as individuals may engage in self-blaming, impulsive behaviors, or seek escapist routes rather than addressing the issue directly. Choice B, 'Ineffective,' is a broad term and does not specifically capture the characteristics described in the question. Choice C, 'Problem-focused,' is the opposite of avoidant coping as it involves actively addressing the issue at hand. Choice D, 'Flexible,' does not align with the description provided, as flexibility in coping involves adapting strategies based on the situation, not necessarily being emotion-focused, self-blaming, impulsive, or escapist.

3. The embryonic disk __________.

• A. becomes the new organism
• B. is the outer ring of cells on a blastocyst
• C. has a good chance of survival outside the womb
• D. is a protective membrane that surrounds the amnion Answer: A Page Ref: 77 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Prenatal Development Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The embryonic disk becomes the new organism. It is a cluster of cells within the blastocyst that will develop into the fetus during the early stages of prenatal development. This cluster of cells is responsible for giving rise to all the tissues and organs of the developing organism.

4. By using which method of assignment of participants to treatment conditions, investigators increase the chances that participants' characteristics will be equally distributed across treatment groups?

• A. sequential
• B. random
• C. systematic
• D. correlational

Correct answer: B

Rationale: By using random assignment of participants to treatment conditions, investigators increase the chances that participants' characteristics will be equally distributed across treatment groups. Random assignment helps reduce the likelihood of bias in the selection process and ensures that any differences between groups are due to the treatment and not pre-existing group differences. Sequential, systematic, and correlational assignment methods do not provide the same level of assurance in distributing participants' characteristics equally across treatment groups.

5. Which of the following is a situational barrier to seeking early prenatal care?

• A. psychological stress
• B. difficulty arranging transportation
• C. ambivalence about the pregnancy
• D. demands of taking care of other young children Answer: B Page Ref: 91 Skill Level: Understand newborn baby’s appearance. Topic: Childbirth Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Difficulty arranging transportation can be a situational barrier to seeking early prenatal care because it can prevent pregnant individuals from being able to physically get to their healthcare provider for appointments. This barrier may make it challenging for individuals to access the necessary prenatal care and support for a healthy pregnancy.

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