ATI RN
Pathophysiology Practice Questions
1. Nurse Sharie is assessing a parent who abused her child. Which of the following risk factors would the nurse expect to find in this case?
- A. Flexible role functioning between parents
- B. History of the parent having been abused as a child
- C. Single-parent home situation
- D. Presence of parental mental illness
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'History of the parent having been abused as a child.' Research shows that a history of being abused as a child is a significant risk factor for child abuse. This cycle of abuse can sometimes continue from one generation to the next. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Flexible role functioning between parents, a single-parent home situation, and the presence of parental mental illness are important factors to consider in various contexts but may not specifically indicate a higher likelihood of child abuse in this case.
2. A client has a new prescription for Pancrelipase. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with meals and snacks.
- B. Expect your urine to turn orange.
- C. Increase your intake of high-calcium foods.
- D. Avoid consuming dairy products.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Take the medication with meals and snacks.' Pancrelipase should be taken with meals and snacks to aid in the digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. This timing ensures that the medication functions optimally by assisting in the digestion process when food is present in the gastrointestinal system. Choice B is incorrect because urine discoloration is not a common side effect of Pancrelipase. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific need to increase high-calcium foods with Pancrelipase. Choice D is also incorrect as avoiding dairy products is not necessary when taking Pancrelipase.
3. Which of the following conditions are not treated with opioid analgesics like dextromethorphan and methadone?
- A. Pulmonary Edema
- B. Cough suppression
- C. Sedation
- D. Pain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Opioid analgesics like dextromethorphan and methadone are primarily used for pain management and cough suppression. Sedation is not a primary indication for these medications.
4. Knowing that for a comatose patient hearing is the last sense to be lost, as Judy’s nurse, what should you do?
- A. Tell her family that probably she can’t hear them
- B. Talk loudly so that Wendy can hear you
- C. Tell her family who are in the room not to talk
- D. Speak softly then hold her hands gently
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.
5. After experiencing several months of worsening nocturia, a patient has been assessed for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and has begun drug treatment. In addition to nocturia, what other sign or symptom is most likely to accompany BPH?
- A. Hematuria
- B. Erectile dysfunction
- C. Urinary frequency
- D. Flank pain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is hematuria. Hematuria, which is the presence of blood in the urine, is a common sign associated with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). It can occur due to irritation or damage to the prostate tissue. While urinary frequency and erectile dysfunction can also be seen in BPH patients, hematuria is more specifically linked to prostate issues. Flank pain is not typically a direct symptom of BPH.
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