Nursing Elites

1. You notice that Miss Kate, a bread vendor, receives and changes money, then holds the bread without washing her hands. As a nurse, what should you say to Miss Kate?

• A. Miss, don't touch the bread, I'll be the one to pick it up.
• B. Miss, please wash your hands before you pick up the bread.
• C. Miss, use a pick-up forceps when picking up the bread.
• D. Miss, your hands are dirty, I guess I'll try another bread shop.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, as it emphasizes the importance of hygiene in food handling, which is crucial to prevent the spread of germs and diseases. The other options do not address the root of the issue, which is the unhygienic handling of food. Option A avoids direct confrontation but does not educate the vendor on proper hygiene. Option C, although it suggests a hygienic method, may not be practical or available in all situations. Option D is an avoidance strategy rather than a way to address the problem.

2. Transmission of HIV from an infected individual to another person occurs:

• A. Most frequently in nurses with needlesticks
• B. Only if there is a large viral load in the blood
• C. Most commonly as a result of sexual contact
• D. In all infants born to women with HIV infection

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

3. The RDA for iron is higher in premenopausal women than for men or postmenopausal women because of the blood loss during menstruation.

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 18 mg of iron per day for women 19 to 50 years old, 8 mg/day for women 51 years old and older, and men 19 years old and older. During menstruation, women lose blood containing iron, leading to a higher iron requirement in premenopausal women compared to men or postmenopausal women. This increased demand aims to replenish the iron lost during this physiological process. Therefore, the statement and reason are directly linked, explaining why the RDA for iron is higher in premenopausal women than in men or postmenopausal women. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately assess the relationship between the statement and the reason provided in the question.

4. A client who has dumping syndrome following a hemi-colectomy should avoid which of the following foods when receiving nutritional teaching from a nurse?

• A. Rice
• B. Poached eggs
• C. Fresh apples
• D. White bread

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fresh apples should be avoided by a client with dumping syndrome following a hemi-colectomy because they are high in fiber and can exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and bloating. Rice and poached eggs are good options as they are easily digestible and less likely to trigger dumping syndrome symptoms. White bread is also preferable over whole grain bread due to its lower fiber content, making it a better choice for individuals with dumping syndrome.

5. Which of the following is a factor that affects Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

• A. Age
• B. Sleep
• C. Fasting/Starvation
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: All the listed options (Age, Sleep, Fasting/Starvation, Activity Level) are factors that can affect a person's Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). BMR is the number of calories your body needs to accomplish its most basic (basal) life-sustaining functions. Age can affect BMR as metabolism slows with age. Sleep can influence BMR as metabolism slows during sleep. Fasting or starvation can decrease BMR as the body conserves energy. Activity level can also influence BMR; the more active you are, the higher your BMR, as your body requires more energy for physical activities.

Similar Questions