Nursing Elites

1. Lily weighed 8 pounds and was 21 inches long at birth. She was __________ than the average baby.

• A. heavier but shorter
• B. heavier and longer
• C. lighter but longer
• D. lighter and shorter

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Lily weighed 8 pounds and was 21 inches long at birth. Being both heavier and longer than average babies typically are at birth, Lily would be considered heavier and longer compared to the average baby. This makes choice B, 'heavier and longer,' the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Lily was not shorter or lighter than the average baby at birth.

2. Development is best understood as __________.

• A. genetically determined
• B. environmentally influenced
• C. an unsolvable puzzle
• D. a series of complex exchanges between nature and nurture

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Development is best understood as a series of complex exchanges between nature (genetic factors) and nurture (environmental influences). This perspective emphasizes the interaction and interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental experiences in shaping an individual's development. Choices A and B are too extreme as they suggest that development is solely determined by genetics or solely influenced by the environment, which is not the case. Choice C is incorrect as development is not viewed as an unsolvable puzzle but rather as a dynamic process influenced by multiple factors.

3. Which individual is most likely to experience the greatest percentage of REM sleep?

• A. Sammy, a preschool child
• B. Jake, a full-term newborn
• C. Sarah, a teenager
• D. Cheryl, a preterm newborn Answer: D Page Ref: 104 Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 32 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e Skill Level: Apply Topic: The Newborn Baby’s Capacities Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Preterm newborns, like Cheryl, experience a higher percentage of REM sleep compared to full-term newborns. This is because REM sleep plays a critical role in brain development, and preterm infants have an increased need for brain development due to their early arrival. Therefore, Cheryl, as a preterm newborn, is most likely to experience the greatest percentage of REM sleep among the individuals listed.

4. The term teratogen refers to __________.

• A. any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal period
• B. a limited time span during which a part of the body is biologically prepared to develop rapidly
• C. a rapid period of prenatal neurological development
• D. a synthetic hormone used to prevent miscarriage

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal period.' A teratogen is any substance or factor that can cause harm to the developing fetus during pregnancy. Choice B is incorrect because it describes a critical period, not a teratogen. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to a specific period of development, not a teratogen. Choice D is incorrect because it describes a synthetic hormone, not a teratogen.

5. Mounting evidence suggests that __________ is a major contributor to SIDS.

• A. impaired brain functioning
• B. higher-than-average birth weight
• C. organized and patterned sleep behavior
• D. a family history of chromosomal abnormalities

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Impaired brain functioning is a major contributor to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Research has shown that abnormalities in the brainstem, which controls automatic functions like breathing and heart rate, can play a role in SIDS cases. As such, mounting evidence suggests that compromised brain functioning is a significant factor in the occurrence of SIDS. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Higher-than-average birth weight, organized and patterned sleep behavior, and a family history of chromosomal abnormalities are not identified as major contributors to SIDS according to the provided information.

Similar Questions