Nursing Elites

1. In consideration of the steps in applying the bag technique, which side of the paper lining of the CHN bag is considered clean to make a non-contaminated work area?

• A. The lower lip
• B. The outer surface
• C. The upper tip
• D. The inside surface

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

2. A client with a large lower-leg ulcer needs protein for wound healing. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest?

• A. Kidney beans
• B. Grilled salmon
• C. Peanut butter
• D. Raw spinach

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Grilled salmon is the best choice for providing high-quality protein for wound healing. Salmon is rich in essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, which can help promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation. Kidney beans, peanut butter, and raw spinach are good protein sources but do not offer the same level of high-quality protein and nutrients needed specifically for wound healing.

3. In which of the following conditions does a person need to sit, stand, or use multiple pillows when lying down?

• A. Orthopnea
• B. Dyspnea
• C. Eupnea
• D. Apnea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Orthopnea. Orthopnea is a medical condition in which a person has difficulty breathing while lying down. To alleviate this difficulty, the person may need to sit, stand, or use multiple pillows. On the other hand, Dyspnea refers to general shortness of breath which is not specifically related to the position of the body. Eupnea is the term for normal, unlabored breathing, and Apnea is a condition characterized by the cessation of breathing. Thus, none of these other choices directly relate to the need to adjust body position or use aids like multiple pillows to breathe comfortably when lying down.

4. What percentage of body weight as fat does a woman with a healthy body composition typically average?

• A. 5%
• B. 15%
• C. 25%
• D. 35%

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A healthy body fat percentage for women typically ranges between 21% and 33%, with 25% being an average healthy body fat percentage. Choice A (5%) is too low for a healthy body fat percentage and is more in line with essential body fat levels. Choice B (15%) is also lower than the typical range for a healthy body fat percentage. Choice D (35%) is too high and would be considered high body fat for women.

5. What is the procedure called when direct observations are used to generate an estimate of a client's current food intake?

• A. Food diary
• B. 24-hour recall
• C. Kilocalorie count
• D. Nutrient surveillance record

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A kilocalorie count is the correct answer as it involves directly observing a client's food intake, which is often used in hospitals to accurately assess nutritional intake and ensure it meets dietary requirements. A food diary (Choice A) is typically self-reported by the client and not directly observed. A 24-hour recall (Choice B) is also usually self-reported and relies on a client's memory of the past 24 hours, which can be unreliable. A nutrient surveillance record (Choice D) is a broader term for tracking nutrient intake in a population and is not specific to the direct observation of an individual's food intake.

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