ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System
1. If a gastric acid perforates, which of the following actions should not be included in the immediate management of the client?
- A. Blood replacement
- B. Antacid administration
- C. Nasogastric tube suction
- D. Fluid and electrolyte replacement
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Antacid administration should not be included in the immediate management of a gastric perforation.
2. A client has a new prescription for Loperamide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with a full glass of water.
- B. Avoid activities that require alertness.
- C. Increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
- D. Expect your stools to be black and tarry.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Loperamide can cause drowsiness and dizziness, so clients should avoid activities that require alertness until they know how the medication affects them. Taking the medication with a full glass of water can help with absorption. Increasing intake of high-fiber foods is not directly related to Loperamide. Black, tarry stools are not expected side effects of this medication, so informing the client to expect this is incorrect.
3. Which of the following is an important aspect of note-taking?
- A. Not specific and behavior-oriented
- B. Forces the manager to deal with the problem
- C. Records only undesirable events
- D. Failure to give performance feedback
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Forces the manager to deal with the problem.' Note-taking is essential as it compels the manager to address issues, regardless of their size or nature. This process helps in identifying, documenting, and resolving problems effectively. Choice A is incorrect because note-taking should be specific and focused on behaviors. Choice C is incorrect as note-taking should record all events, not just undesirable ones. Choice D is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the importance of note-taking in addressing problems.
4. A healthcare professional assesses a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Loud wheezing
- B. Increased respiratory rate
- C. Use of accessory muscles
- D. Silent chest
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A silent chest in a client experiencing an acute asthma attack indicates severe airway obstruction and impending respiratory failure. It is a critical finding that requires immediate intervention as it signifies a lack of airflow and ventilation. Loud wheezing, increased respiratory rate, and use of accessory muscles are common signs of an asthma attack and indicate the body's attempt to compensate. However, a silent chest suggests a dangerous lack of airflow that necessitates urgent medical attention to prevent respiratory arrest.
5. Which characteristic in an adolescent female is sometimes associated with the prodromal phase of schizophrenia?
- A. Constantly afraid another student will steal her belongings.
- B. An unusual interest in numbers and specific topics.
- C. Demonstrates no interest in athletics or organized sports.
- D. Appears more comfortable among males.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: During the prodromal phase of schizophrenia, individuals may exhibit subtle changes in behavior or interests. An unusual interest in numbers and specific topics may be a sign of cognitive disturbances that can precede the onset of schizophrenia. While the other choices may also be observed in adolescents, an unusual interest in numbers and specific topics is more specifically linked to potential prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia.
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