ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which?
- A. Using information in textbooks to guide care
- B. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition
- C. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision-making
- D. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child’s health and family situation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Evidence-based practice involves gathering and integrating all relevant evidence to guide clinical decision-making, ensuring that care is based on the best available research.
2. Which condition is characterized by a harsh, barking cough in children?
- A. Asthma
- B. Bronchiolitis
- C. Croup
- D. Pneumonia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Croup is the correct answer. It is characterized by a harsh, barking cough due to inflammation of the upper airways, specifically the larynx and trachea. Asthma (Choice A) often presents with wheezing and shortness of breath, not a barking cough. Bronchiolitis (Choice B) typically causes wheezing and respiratory distress in infants. Pneumonia (Choice D) manifests with symptoms such as fever, productive cough, and chest pain, but not usually a barking cough.
3. After teaching a group of nursing students about developmental milestones for children between the ages of 1 and 4 years, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as a gross motor developmental milestone that occurs between 2 to 3 years of age?
- A. Jumping in place
- B. Climbing
- C. Standing on one foot with help
- D. Riding a tricycle
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Climbing is a gross motor milestone typically achieved between 2 to 3 years of age. It involves coordination and strength. Jumping in place is usually mastered around 2 years of age. Standing on one foot with help is a skill that emerges around 3 years. Riding a tricycle typically occurs closer to 3 years and involves coordination and balance, which are more refined skills compared to climbing at an earlier age.
4. The nurse is administering activated charcoal to a preschool child with acetaminophen (Tylenol) poisoning. What potential complications from the use of activated charcoal should the nurse plan to assess for?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Vomiting
- C. All are correct
- D. Intestinal obstruction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Common complications of activated charcoal administration include diarrhea and vomiting. Intestinal obstruction can occur if the charcoal forms a mass in the intestines. Fluid retention is less likely and not typically a complication associated with activated charcoal.
5. What is an appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?
- A. Playing peek-a-boo
- B. Playing pat-a-cake
- C. Imitating animal sounds
- D. Showing how to clap hands
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Playing peek-a-boo is an ideal play activity for a 7-month-old as it encourages visual tracking and social interaction, which are key developmental milestones at this age.
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