Nursing Elites

1. Donna needs further teaching about the use of partograph if she said to her CI that:

• A. I will start using the partograph if the patient's cervix is already 4 cm dilated.
• B. I can use the partograph in all pregnant women.
• C. I will plot the cervical dilatation using 'x'.
• D. I need to refer my patient to the hospital if the cervical dilatation reaches the action line.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Donna needs further teaching because using a partograph in all pregnant women is incorrect. The partograph is specifically used when labor is established to monitor the progress of labor and identify deviations from normal patterns. It is not meant to be used indiscriminately in all pregnant women, but rather in those who are in labor to enhance safe delivery practices.

2. The public health nurse is reading information from a study that states that hypertension may be associated with an odds ratio of 2.49, meaning the patient is approximately 2.5 times more likely to have a severe form of COVID-19 than those without hypertension. The nurse describes the odds ratio as:

• A. a measure of association between an exposure and an outcome
• B. an absolute risk increase
• C. a measure of statistical significance
• D. a measure of precision

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The odds ratio is a measure of association between an exposure and an outcome. In this context, an odds ratio of 2.49 indicates that individuals with hypertension are approximately 2.5 times more likely to develop severe COVID-19 compared to those without hypertension. Therefore, choice A is correct as it accurately defines the role of odds ratio in assessing the relationship between an exposure (hypertension) and an outcome (severe COVID-19). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not describe the nature of odds ratio.

3. While on a hiking trip, a Girl Scout unit rested on Mt. Makiling when scout Jaymee, 14 years old, complained of a sudden, moderately bearable toothache. In their first-aid kit, they discovered they had no mefenamic acid but luckily stumbled upon a home that uses alternative pain-relieving medicinal plants. Which plant would be helpful for the toothache?

• A. Bawang (garlic)
• B. Lagundi
• C. Sambong
• D. Tsaang gubat

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Bawang (garlic) is traditionally used as a pain reliever, especially for toothaches due to its antimicrobial properties that can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with dental issues.

4. Which of the following is an indication for tracheostomy?

• A. Drainage of pleural effusion
• B. Hemorrhage
• C. Infections
• D. Acute respiratory failure

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure where an incision is made in the windpipe to help with breathing. Acute respiratory failure, which can occur due to various reasons such as upper airway obstruction, is a common indication for tracheostomy. While drainage of pleural effusion, hemorrhage, and infections may require medical intervention, they are not direct indications for a tracheostomy like acute respiratory failure.

5. Which task will be most helpful in meeting the public health agency’s goals?

• A. Complete staff evaluations in preparation for individual meetings to plan their agency and individual goals for the next year.
• B. Actively participate in community agencies’ collaborative action plan to meet the community’s health goals for the year.
• C. Meet with the college of nursing faculty to finalize student objectives and schedules for the next semester.
• D. Teach a free course on healthful living for community residents.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Actively participating in community agencies’ collaborative action plan to meet the community’s health goals is the most helpful task in meeting the public health agency’s goals. By engaging with external partners and working towards the health goals of the community as a whole, the agency can have a more significant impact on public health outcomes.

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