Nursing Elites

1. Chemicals, agents, or factors that cause physical defects in the developing embryo and are most harmful during organogenesis are:

• A. Teratogens
• B. Heterozygous
• C. Inborn errors
• D. Multifactorial

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Teratogens are substances that can cause congenital abnormalities, especially during the first trimester when organogenesis occurs. Choice A, Teratogens, is the correct answer as it specifically refers to substances that cause physical defects in the developing embryo. Choices B, Heterozygous, C, Inborn errors, and D, Multifactorial, are incorrect as they do not directly relate to substances that cause physical defects in embryos during organogenesis.

2. Which muscle is contraindicated for the administration of immunizations in infants and young children?

• A. Deltoid
• B. Dorsogluteal
• C. Ventrogluteal
• D. Anterolateral thigh

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The dorsogluteal muscle is contraindicated for immunizations in infants and young children due to the risk of injury to the sciatic nerve. The anterolateral thigh is the preferred site.

3. The nurse is caring for an infant after a cleft lip repair. Which of these measures should be included in the plan of care?

• A. Position prone
• B. Provide fluids from a cup
• C. Position supine
• D. Avoid elbow restraints

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct measure that should be included in the plan of care for an infant after a cleft lip repair is to position the infant supine. Placing the infant in a supine position helps protect the surgical site from injury and promotes proper healing. Choice A, 'Position prone,' is incorrect as placing the infant prone can put pressure on the surgical site and hinder healing. Choice B, 'Provide fluids from a cup,' is not directly related to the surgical care of a cleft lip repair. Choice D, 'Avoid elbow restraints,' is not specific to the postoperative care of a cleft lip repair.

4. According to Piaget, a 6-month-old infant should be in which developmental stage?

• A. Use of reflexes
• B. Primary circular reactions
• C. Secondary circular reactions
• D. Coordination of secondary schemata

Correct answer: C

Rationale: By 6 months, infants are usually in the stage of secondary circular reactions, where they start to intentionally repeat actions that bring pleasure or interesting results.

5. Which type of family should the nurse recognize when a mother, her children, and a stepfather live together?

• A. Traditional nuclear
• B. Blended
• C. Extended
• D. Binuclear

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A blended family consists of a couple and their children from this and all previous relationships, including stepfamilies.

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