ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. At which age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as his or her own hand?
- A. 1 month
- B. 2 months
- C. 3 months
- D. 4 months
Correct answer: C
Rationale: By 3 months, infants begin to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as their own hands. This marks the early stages of visual recognition and cognitive development.
2. What is a primary consideration for complications when planning nursing care for an infant with Meconium aspiration syndrome?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Bowel obstruction
- C. Airway obstruction
- D. Carbon dioxide retention
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Airway obstruction. When planning nursing care for an infant with Meconium aspiration syndrome, a primary consideration for complications is the potential of airway obstruction. After the passage of meconium into the amniotic fluid, the infant may inhale or swallow the fluid, leading to meconium aspiration into the lower airways and causing a partial airway obstruction. This can result in respiratory distress and hypoxemia. Hypoglycemia (choice A) is a metabolic condition unrelated to meconium aspiration. Bowel obstruction (choice B) with meconium may indicate other conditions like cystic fibrosis or Hirschsprung disease, not directly related to meconium aspiration syndrome. Carbon dioxide retention (choice D) is not a primary consideration in meconium aspiration syndrome; instead, the focus is on addressing the airway obstruction and potential respiratory compromise.
3. The nurse is caring for a child with suspected ingestion of some type of poison. What action should the nurse take next after initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?
- A. Empty the mouth of pills, plants, or other material.
- B. Question the victim and witness.
- C. Place the child in a side-lying position.
- D. Call poison control.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: After ensuring the child's immediate survival needs are met with CPR, contacting poison control is critical to receive specific guidance on how to proceed with treatment. Other actions may be necessary depending on the situation but should follow contacting poison control.
4. The nurse is assessing a child's capillary refill time. This can be accomplished by doing what?
- A. Inspect the chest
- B. Auscultate the heart
- C. Palpate the apical pulse
- D. Palpate the nail bed with pressure to produce a slight blanching
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Capillary refill time is assessed by applying pressure to the nail bed and observing how quickly the color returns, indicating peripheral circulation status.
5. A mother reports to the nurse that her 6-year-old child is highly active, irritable, irregular in habits, and adapts slowly to new routines, people, or situations. Which pattern of temperament would best describe the child?
- A. The 'easy' child
- B. The 'difficult' child
- C. The 'slow-to-warm-up' child
- D. The 'fast-to-warm-up' child
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The 'difficult' child is the best way to describe the child in this scenario. This temperament is characterized by high activity levels, irritability, irregular habits, and difficulty adapting to changes. Choice A, the 'easy' child, is known for being generally positive and adaptable. Choice C, the 'slow-to-warm-up' child, typically needs time to adapt to new situations but is not necessarily highly active or irritable. Choice D, the 'fast-to-warm-up' child, adapts quickly to new situations, which contrasts with the child's slow adaptation mentioned in the scenario.
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