Nursing Elites

1. At which age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?

• A. 4 months
• B. 6 months
• C. 8 months
• D. 12 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Most infants can sit steadily without support by 8 months, indicating advanced gross motor skill development.

2. The parents of a 5-year-old child ask the nurse how they can minimize misbehavior. Which responses should the nurse give? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Set clear and reasonable goals
• B. Teach desirable behavior through your own example
• C. Don’t call attention to unacceptable behavior
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Setting clear goals, praising good behavior, and modeling appropriate behavior are effective strategies for minimizing misbehavior in children.

3. What problem is most often associated with myelomeningocele?

• A. Biliary atresia
• B. Hydrocephalus
• C. Craniostenosis
• D. Tracheoesophageal fistula

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hydrocephalus is the most commonly associated problem with myelomeningocele, present in 80% to 90% of affected children. Biliary atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula are not typically associated with myelomeningocele. Craniostenosis refers to the premature closing of cranial sutures and is not a common issue seen with myelomeningocele.

4. A sixteen-year-old boy is diagnosed with osteosarcoma. What information should the nurse know regarding the treatment plan?

• A. Amputation of the affected extremity is rarely necessary.
• B. Intensive radiation is the primary treatment modality.
• C. Treatment usually consists of surgery and chemotherapy.
• D. Bone marrow transplantation is the preferred option for long-term survival.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Osteosarcoma is typically treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. This approach aims to remove the tumor and reduce the risk of metastasis. Amputation of the affected extremity may be necessary in some cases to ensure complete removal of the tumor. Intensive radiation is not the primary treatment for osteosarcoma, and bone marrow transplantation is not the standard treatment for this type of cancer.

5. The nurse is reviewing the importance of role learning for children. The nurse understands that children's roles are primarily shaped by which members?

• A. Peers
• B. Parents
• C. Siblings
• D. Grandparents

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Parents play the primary role in shaping their children's roles and behaviors, especially in early childhood, through modeling, guidance, and expectations.

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