ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN
1. A child is admitted for minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). The nurse recognizes that the child’s prognosis is related to what factor?
- A. Admission blood pressure
- B. Creatinine clearance
- C. Amount of protein in urine
- D. Response to steroid therapy
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The prognosis for children with MCNS is closely related to their response to steroid therapy. A favorable response to steroids usually indicates a better prognosis, while poor response may require alternative treatments and can indicate a more complicated disease course.
2. Which medication should the nurse expect to administer to a child diagnosed with Nephrotic Syndrome to decrease proteinuria?
- A. Albumin
- B. Prednisone
- C. Penicillin
- D. Furosemide (Lasix)
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is the primary treatment for Nephrotic Syndrome as it helps to reduce inflammation in the kidneys and decrease proteinuria by stabilizing the glomerular filtration barrier. Albumin is a protein replacement therapy and would not directly decrease proteinuria. Penicillin is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections and is not used to manage Nephrotic Syndrome. Furosemide is a diuretic that helps in managing fluid retention but does not specifically target proteinuria in Nephrotic Syndrome.
3. The mother of a 3-month-old breastfed infant asks about giving her baby water because it is summer and very warm. What should the nurse tell her?
- A. Fluids in addition to breast milk are not needed.
- B. Water should be given if the infant seems to nurse longer than usual.
- C. Clear juices are better than water to promote adequate fluid intake.
- D. Water once or twice a day will make up for losses resulting from environmental temperature.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Breast milk provides adequate hydration, even in warm weather, so additional fluids like water are not necessary and can interfere with breastfeeding.
4. A client reports severe pain unrelieved by pain medication in a limb with traction. What is the nurse's priority?
- A. Increase the dosage of pain medication.
- B. Assess for compartment syndrome.
- C. Wait for the healthcare provider to address the issue.
- D. Reposition the client to alleviate the pain.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess for compartment syndrome. Severe unrelieved pain in a limb with traction can be a sign of compartment syndrome, a surgical emergency. Prompt assessment is crucial to prevent potential complications. Increasing pain medication dosage without addressing the underlying cause may delay necessary interventions. Waiting for the healthcare provider may lead to a critical delay in treatment. Repositioning the client may not alleviate the pain if it is due to compartment syndrome, and it is crucial to assess for this condition first.
5. You’re caring for Beth who underwent a Billroth II procedure (surgical removal of the pylorus and duodenum) for treatment of a peptic ulcer. Which findings suggest that the patient is developing dumping syndrome, a complication associated with this procedure?
- A. Flushed, dry skin.
- B. Headache and bradycardia.
- C. Dizziness and sweating.
- D. Dyspnea and chest pain.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Dizziness and sweating are common signs of dumping syndrome, a complication of the Billroth II procedure.
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