ATI RN
ATI Oncology Questions
1. An oncology patient has just returned from the post-anesthesia care unit after an open hemicolectomy. This patient’s plan of nursing care should prioritize which of the following?
- A. Assess the patient hourly for signs of compartment syndrome.
- B. Assess the patient’s fine motor skills once per shift.
- C. Assess the patient’s wound for dehiscence every 4 hours.
- D. Maintain the patient’s head of bed at 45 degrees or more at all times.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: After an open hemicolectomy (surgical removal of part of the colon), monitoring the surgical wound for signs of dehiscence (wound reopening) is a critical nursing priority. Dehiscence is a serious postoperative complication that can occur if the surgical site does not heal properly. Regular wound assessments every 4 hours allow the nurse to identify early signs of complications, such as redness, swelling, increased drainage, or separation of the wound edges. Early detection is key to preventing further complications, such as infection or evisceration (protrusion of abdominal organs through the wound).
2. A nurse is caring for a client prescribed enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis. Which of the following client assessments requires immediate intervention?
- A. Platelet count of 95,000/mm³
- B. Blood pressure of 145/90 mmHg
- C. Heart rate of 95 beats per minute
- D. Pain at the injection site
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A platelet count of 95,000/mm³ requires immediate intervention as it is low and increases the risk of bleeding, which is a potential complication of enoxaparin therapy. Low platelet counts can predispose the patient to hemorrhage, and administering anticoagulants like enoxaparin in such cases can further increase the bleeding risk. Monitoring platelet counts is crucial during anticoagulant therapy to prevent serious bleeding complications. The other options do not pose immediate risks related to enoxaparin therapy. A slightly elevated blood pressure, a heart rate of 95 beats per minute, and pain at the injection site are common findings that may not warrant immediate intervention in this context.
3. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following foods or beverages should the nurse recommend to minimize heartburn?
- A. Orange juice
- B. Decaffeinated coffee
- C. Peppermint
- D. Potatoes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potatoes. Potatoes are bland and less likely to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making them a good choice for minimizing heartburn in clients with GERD. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Orange juice and peppermint can exacerbate GERD symptoms due to their acidic or relaxing effects on the esophageal sphincter. Decaffeinated coffee, although lower in caffeine, is still acidic and can trigger heartburn in individuals with GERD.
4. A client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) suddenly develops tremors, dizziness, and diaphoresis. The client said, 'I feel weak and the bag was empty.' Which is the most likely complication the client is currently experiencing?
- A. Fluid volume overload
- B. Sepsis
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Hypoglycemia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The client experiencing tremors, dizziness, diaphoresis, weakness, and stating that the TPN bag is empty is likely experiencing hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia can occur when the TPN infusion suddenly stops, leading to a rapid drop in blood sugar levels. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include tremors, dizziness, diaphoresis, and weakness. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as the symptoms presented are more consistent with hypoglycemia rather than fluid volume overload, sepsis, or hyperglycemia.
5. Which vitamin deficiency is commonly associated with prolonged antibiotic use?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin B6
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin K
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin K. Prolonged antibiotic use can disrupt the gut flora, leading to Vitamin K deficiency and an increased risk of bleeding. Vitamin A deficiency is not commonly associated with antibiotic use. Similarly, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin C deficiencies are not typically linked to prolonged antibiotic use.
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