Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for amoxicillin clavulanate to treat pharyngitis. Which statement indicates understanding?

• A. I will double my dose if I miss one
• B. I should take this medication on an empty stomach between meals
• C. I will take the medication until my sore throat goes away
• D. I will stop taking this medication if I develop itching

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The client should never double the dose if a dose is missed. This can lead to an overdose, which can cause serious adverse effects. Instead, the client should take the next dose as scheduled or consult the provider for guidance.

2. Which of the following best describes a somatic symptom disorder?

• A. Client experiences sudden onset of symptoms due to stress
• B. Physical manifestations occur due to underlying medical conditions
• C. Client has excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms without a medical cause
• D. Client avoids medical care due to fear of receiving a diagnosis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by individuals having excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms that may or may not have an identifiable medical cause. Choice A is incorrect because the sudden onset of symptoms due to stress is more indicative of acute stress reaction. Choice B is incorrect as it describes physical manifestations related to known medical conditions, not somatic symptom disorder. Choice D is incorrect as it relates to health anxiety or illness anxiety disorder, where individuals avoid seeking medical care due to fear of receiving a diagnosis.

3. A client with left hemiparesis is learning how to use a cane. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Place the cane approximately 61 cm (24 in) in front of their feet before advancing
• B. Advance the stronger leg and the cane together to support the weaker leg
• C. Remove the rubber tip when using the cane
• D. Hold the cane on the right side to provide support for the weaker leg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct way to use a cane for a client with left hemiparesis is to hold the cane on the right side to provide support for the weaker left leg. This allows for better stability and weight distribution. Placing the cane approximately 61 cm (24 in) in front of their feet before advancing (Choice A) is not necessary and may lead to improper gait. Advancing the stronger leg and the cane together (Choice B) is incorrect as it does not provide support for the weaker leg. Removing the rubber tip when using the cane (Choice C) is also incorrect as the rubber tip helps provide traction and stability.

4. What is the most appropriate action for a healthcare provider to take when a patient is at risk for falls?

• A. Place the call light within the patient's reach.
• B. Apply a yellow fall risk bracelet to the patient.
• C. Assist the patient when ambulating.
• D. Ensure the patient's room is well-lit.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to apply a yellow fall risk bracelet to the patient. This action helps alert staff to the patient's increased risk of falling, prompting them to implement appropriate safety measures and precautions. Placing the call light within reach (choice A) is generally important but does not specifically address fall risk. Assisting the patient when ambulating (choice C) is important but may not be sufficient alone to prevent falls. Ensuring the patient's room is well-lit (choice D) is also crucial for patient safety but does not directly address the patient's fall risk status.

5. A healthcare provider is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following assessment findings indicates that the catheter requires irrigation?

• A. Bladder scan shows 525 mL
• B. Absent urinary output for 1 hour
• C. Cloudy urine
• D. Bloody urine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. A large bladder scan result (525 mL) suggests catheter blockage and may require irrigation to resolve. Choice B (absent urinary output for 1 hour) could indicate a different issue such as urinary retention but does not specifically indicate the need for catheter irrigation. Choices C (cloudy urine) and D (bloody urine) may suggest infection or other urinary issues, but they do not directly indicate the need for catheter irrigation.

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