ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. An adolescent states, “I want to be a doctor or a lawyer when I grow up because I like taking care of people.” Which Eriksonian challenge is the adolescent attempting?
- A. Identity vs. role diffusion
- B. Trust vs. mistrust
- C. Industry vs. inferiority
- D. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Identity vs. role diffusion. During adolescence, individuals face the challenge of forming a cohesive sense of self and identity. In this scenario, the adolescent's desire to become a doctor or lawyer reflects the exploration of potential roles and career paths, indicating an attempt to establish a clear identity. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Trust vs. mistrust is a challenge experienced in infancy, industry vs. inferiority is relevant to the school-age period, and autonomy vs. shame and doubt is associated with the toddler stage, not adolescence.
2. When assessing a child with leukemia, which clinical manifestations should the nurse anticipate?
- A. Petechiae, fever, fatigue
- B. Headache, papilledema, irritability
- C. Muscle wasting, weight loss, fatigue
- D. Decreased intracranial pressure, psychosis, confusion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Petechiae, fever, fatigue. Children with leukemia commonly present with petechiae (due to low platelet count), fever (due to infection), and fatigue (due to anemia), which are classic manifestations of the disease. Option B is incorrect because headache, papilledema, and irritability are more indicative of increased intracranial pressure, not leukemia. Option C is incorrect as muscle wasting and weight loss are not typical initial manifestations of leukemia in children. Option D is incorrect as decreased intracranial pressure, psychosis, and confusion are not commonly associated with leukemia.
3. The nurse understands that blocks to therapeutic communication include what? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Socializing
- B. All are applicable
- C. Using clichés
- D. Defending a situation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Socializing, using clichés, and defending a situation are all barriers to effective therapeutic communication. Silence is a useful tool in therapeutic communication.
4. Which one of the following strategies might be recommended for an infant with failure to thrive (FTT) to increase caloric intake?
- A. Vary the schedule for routine activities on a daily basis.
- B. Be persistent through 10 to 15 minutes of food refusal.
- C. Avoid solids until after the bottle is well accepted.
- D. Use developmental stimulation by a specialist during feedings.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Being persistent through 10 to 15 minutes of food refusal is recommended to help increase caloric intake in infants with FTT. Establishing a routine and using developmental stimulation can also be helpful, but the priority is ensuring adequate caloric intake.
5. What is the appropriate placement of a tongue blade for assessment of the mouth and throat?
- A. On the lower jaw
- B. Side of the tongue
- C. Against the soft palate
- D. Center back area of the tongue
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The side of the tongue is the appropriate place for a tongue blade to avoid triggering the gag reflex during assessment of the mouth and throat.
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