ATI RN
Proctored Nutrition ATI
1. AIDS enteropathy is most commonly manifested as _____.
- A. abdominal pain and rectal bleeding
- B. diarrhea and weight loss
- C. abdominal bloating and flatulence
- D. rectal fissures and constipation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: AIDS enteropathy typically presents as diarrhea and weight loss due to the impact of HIV on the gastrointestinal tract. While abdominal pain and rectal bleeding (Choice A), abdominal bloating and flatulence (Choice C), and rectal fissures and constipation (Choice D) can occur in some cases, the most common manifestations are diarrhea and weight loss.
2. A patient with schizophrenia is prescribed clozapine. Which potential side effect requires regular monitoring?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Hypertension
- C. Agranulocytosis
- D. Hyperthyroidism
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When a patient with schizophrenia is prescribed clozapine, regular monitoring for agranulocytosis is essential. Agranulocytosis is a severe reduction in white blood cells that can be life-threatening. Monitoring white blood cell counts is crucial to detect this side effect early and prevent serious complications. Weight loss (Choice A) is not a common side effect of clozapine. Hypertension (Choice B) and hyperthyroidism (Choice D) are also not typically associated with clozapine use, making them incorrect choices for regular monitoring.
3. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Massage the affected extremity to promote circulation.
- B. Elevate the affected extremity.
- C. Apply cold packs to the affected extremity.
- D. Perform range-of-motion exercises on the affected extremity.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with DVT is to apply cold packs to the affected extremity. Cold packs can help reduce swelling and pain by constricting blood vessels. Massaging the affected extremity can dislodge a clot and worsen the condition. Elevating the affected extremity helps with blood flow but is not the priority intervention for DVT. Performing range-of-motion exercises on the affected extremity can also dislodge a clot and is contraindicated.
4. During the second trimester, a white, cheeselike substance called __________ emerges on the skin.
- A. lanugo
- B. corpus luteum
- C. vernix
- D. chorion
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During the second trimester of pregnancy, a white, cheeselike substance called vernix emerges on the skin of the developing fetus. Vernix is a protective layer that helps prevent the skin from becoming waterlogged during the time in the amniotic fluid. Choice A, lanugo, is incorrect as lanugo refers to the fine, soft hair that covers the body of a fetus. Choice B, corpus luteum, is incorrect as it is a temporary endocrine structure involved in the menstrual cycle. Choice D, chorion, is incorrect as it is one of the membranes that surround the embryo and later the fetus.
5. A client has a new prescription for Losartan. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will increase my intake of potassium-rich foods.
- B. I will take the medication with a full glass of milk.
- C. I should monitor my blood pressure weekly.
- D. I will take the medication every other day.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'I should monitor my blood pressure weekly.' Monitoring blood pressure regularly is crucial for clients taking Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, to ensure effective management of hypertension. This medication works to dilate blood vessels, lowering blood pressure, so monitoring is essential to assess its effectiveness. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because increasing potassium-rich foods can be harmful due to the potassium-sparing effect of Losartan, taking the medication with milk is not recommended, and adherence to the prescribed daily dosing schedule is necessary for optimal therapeutic outcomes.