Nursing Elites

1. After the family, which has the greatest influence on providing continuity between generations?

• A. Race
• B. School
• C. Social Class
• D. Government

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Schools play a significant role in providing continuity between generations by imparting cultural values, social norms, and knowledge to children.

2. The educator is teaching about the process of physical growth and development. Which of these describes the directional pattern from head to tail?

• A. Cephalodistal
• B. Cephalocaudal
• C. Proximodistal
• D. Proximocaudal

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cephalocaudal development is the correct term that describes the directional pattern of growth from head to tail. This means that the head and upper body parts develop before the lower parts. Choice A, 'Cephalodistal,' refers to growth from the center of the body outward, not head to tail. Choice C, 'Proximodistal,' describes growth from the center of the body towards the extremities, not specifically from head to tail. Choice D, 'Proximocaudal,' is not a recognized term in the context of physical growth and development.

3. Which laboratory value at the time of diagnosis should the nurse anticipate would determine the worst prognosis for a child with leukemia?

• A. Slow response to chemotherapy
• B. Platelets of 150,000/mcL
• C. Leukocytes less than 10,000/mcL
• D. Leukocytes of 275,000/mcL

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A high white blood cell count (leukocytes of 275,000/mcL) at diagnosis is associated with a worse prognosis in leukemia because it indicates a more aggressive disease with a higher tumor burden. Slow response to chemotherapy (choice A) is a consequence of the aggressive disease and not a determining factor at diagnosis. Platelets of 150,000/mcL (choice B) and leukocytes less than 10,000/mcL (choice C) are within normal ranges and not indicative of a worse prognosis in leukemia.

4. Children are taught the values of their culture through observation and feedback relative to their own behavior. In teaching a class on cultural competence, the nurse should be aware that which factor may be culturally determined?

• A. Ethnicity
• B. Racial variation
• C. Status
• D. Geographic boundaries

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Status, or the social standing within a culture, is often culturally determined and plays a significant role in shaping behaviors and expectations.

5. When teaching a mother how to administer eye drops, where should the nurse tell her to place them?

• A. At the lacrimal duct
• B. On the sclera while the child looks to the outside
• C. In the conjunctival sac when the lower eyelid is pulled down
• D. Carefully under the eyelid while it is gently pulled upward

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Eye drops should be placed in the conjunctival sac, which allows the medication to be absorbed properly without causing irritation. Placing drops directly on the sclera or near the lacrimal duct is less effective and can cause discomfort.

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