Nursing Elites

1. How has advanced technology in health care, such as integrated health records, benefited nurses?

• A. Skip the assessment step of the nursing process
• B. Order medications
• C. Take blood samples
• D. Track patients' vital signs

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Advanced technology in health care, like integrated health records, has enabled nurses to efficiently track patients' vital signs. This capability helps nurses monitor patients' health status closely and make informed decisions regarding their care. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because technology does not replace the vital role of nurses in conducting assessments, ordering medications (typically done by prescribers), or collecting blood samples.

2. Which of the following strategies is most effective for reducing medication errors on a nursing unit?

• A. Increasing the nurse-to-patient ratio
• B. Providing ongoing education on safe medication practices
• C. Using barcoding technology for medication administration
• D. Increasing the use of PRN medications

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most effective strategy for reducing medication errors on a nursing unit is using barcoding technology for medication administration. Barcoding technology helps to ensure the right medication is given to the right patient in the right dose at the right time. Increasing the nurse-to-patient ratio (choice A) may help in preventing errors due to workload, but it may not address the root cause of medication errors. Providing ongoing education (choice B) is important but may not be as effective as implementing technology to directly prevent errors during administration. Increasing the use of PRN medications (choice D) can actually increase the risk of errors if not carefully monitored and controlled.

3. Which question during the assessment of a diabetic patient will help the nurse identify autonomic neuropathy?

• A. “Do you feel bloated after eating?”
• B. “Have you seen any skin changes?”
• C. “Do you need to increase your insulin dosage when you are stressed?”
• D. “Have you noticed any painful new ulcerations or sores on your feet?”

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

4. When should a critical pathway be revised?

• A. When variances show a new trend.
• B. When the variances show a new trend.
• C. When a member of the team retires.
• D. When the client leaves the hospital.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A critical pathway should be revised when variances in the patient's progress indicate a new trend or deviation from the expected course of treatment. This allows healthcare providers to adjust the pathway to ensure optimal patient care and outcomes. Changes in the critical pathway are not typically driven by its length or external factors like team member retirements or client discharges. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choice A is a better phrasing of the correct answer, emphasizing the importance of variances showing a new trend. Choices C and D are irrelevant to the patient's progress and treatment plan, making them incorrect.

5. After discussing alternatives to dressing change procedures to minimize discomfort, the nursing staff accepted a new procedure. This is an example of which stage of Havelock's model of change?

• A. Moving
• B. Self-renewal
• C. Refreezing
• D. Unfreezing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Moving. In the moving stage of Havelock's model of change, the focus is on selecting a solution or alternative. In this scenario, the nursing staff accepting a new procedure after discussing alternatives aligns with the moving stage, where the decision to adopt a change is made. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Self-renewal refers to personal growth, refreezing involves stabilizing the change, and unfreezing is related to preparing for change, none of which directly correspond to the situation described in the question.

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