Nursing Elites

1. A well-rounded fitness program focuses on flexibility, resistance training and aerobic conditioning. What statements are true about a well-rounded fitness program? (Select all that apply)

• A. Movement against resistance increases muscular strength and endurance
• B. Intensity is the amount of time a person is exercising
• C. Stretching after exercise cools the muscles and limits post exercise stiffness
• D. all of the Above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Resistance training, proper stretching, and exercise duration/intensity contribute to a well-rounded fitness program.

2. A client has a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus HIV. The client is distraught and does not know what to do. What intervention by the nurse is the best?

• A. Offer to tell the family for the client
• B. Call the hospital clergy to speak with the client
• C. Assess the client's support system
• D. Explain the legal requirements to tell sex partners

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

3. A client with a diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus develops pneumonia. What type of infection is this?

• A. An opportunistic infection
• B. A root cause infection
• C. A pathogenic infection
• D. A nosocomial infection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: An opportunistic infection. In patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), infections like pneumonia are considered opportunistic because they take advantage of a weakened immune system. Option B, root cause infection, is incorrect as it does not describe the nature of the infection in relation to the patient's condition. Option C, pathogenic infection, is incorrect because while pneumonia is caused by pathogens, in the context of HIV, it is specifically termed as an opportunistic infection. Option D, nosocomial infection, is also incorrect as it refers to infections acquired in a healthcare setting, not related to the patient's HIV status.

4. What occurs during stage three of bone healing?

• A. Consolidation
• B. Callus formation
• C. Granulation formation
• D. Hematoma formation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During stage three of bone healing, callus formation occurs. This process involves the formation of a soft callus made of collagen and cartilage, which bridges the gap between bone fragments. Choice A, consolidation, typically happens in later stages and involves the hardening of the callus into mature bone. Choices C and D are incorrect as granulation formation and hematoma formation occur in earlier stages of bone healing, specifically stages one and two, respectively.

5. Death of bone tissue can occur when the blood supply to the bone is disrupted. What is this complication called?

• A. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
• B. Avascular necrosis
• C. Delayed union
• D. Complex regional pain syndrome

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, avascular necrosis. Avascular necrosis is the condition where bone tissue dies due to the disruption of blood supply to the bone. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (Choice A) is a chronic pain condition, delayed union (Choice C) refers to a delayed healing of a fracture, and complex regional pain syndrome (Choice D) is a chronic pain condition typically affecting an arm or leg.

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