ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam
1. A nursing student learns about modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which factors does this include? (SATA)
- A. Age
- B. Hypertension
- C. Obesity
- D. Smoking
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hypertension, obesity, smoking, and excessive stress are all modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. Age is a nonmodifiable risk factor as it is a natural process of life.
2. A nurse is planning care of an adolescent who is postoperative following a lumbar laminectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Limit the adolescent's visitors.
- B. Select the adolescent's food choices.
- C. Encourage the adolescent's guardian to assist with personal hygiene.
- D. Allow the adolescent to make decisions regarding their daily routine.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because after a lumbar laminectomy, the adolescent may need assistance with personal hygiene due to limited mobility and pain. Encouraging the guardian to assist with personal hygiene ensures proper care and prevents complications. Choice A is incorrect as limiting visitors may affect the adolescent's emotional well-being and support system. Choice B is incorrect as the adolescent should have autonomy in selecting their food choices as long as they align with their dietary restrictions post-surgery. Choice D is incorrect as the adolescent may need guidance and support in decision-making during the postoperative period.
3. A client at 10 weeks of gestation with a history of UTIs is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. You should drink 240 ml (8 oz) of water before and after intercourse.
- B. You should avoid drinking orange juice because it increases the risk of infection.
- C. You should empty your bladder after intercourse to help prevent infection.
- D. You should take a hot bath to help prevent infection.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement the nurse should include is to advise the client to empty their bladder after intercourse to help prevent UTIs. Emptying the bladder after intercourse helps reduce the risk of UTIs by flushing bacteria from the urethra. Choice A is incorrect as drinking water before and after intercourse is not specifically related to preventing UTIs. Choice B is incorrect as there is no direct correlation between orange juice consumption and UTI risk. Choice D is incorrect as taking a hot bath can actually increase the risk of UTIs by promoting bacterial growth.
4. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing the motor skill development of a 15-month-old toddler during a well-child visit. What gross motor skill should the nurse expect?
- A. Jumps with both feet
- B. Runs with coordination
- C. Walks without assistance
- D. Kicks a ball forward
Correct answer: C
Rationale: At 15 months, a toddler should be able to walk without assistance. Walking without assistance is a major gross motor skill milestone at this age, indicating the child's physical development and coordination. Choices A, B, and D are developmentally inappropriate for a 15-month-old. Jumping with both feet, running with coordination, and kicking a ball forward typically develop later in a child's growth and are more advanced skills compared to walking independently.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient whose diagnosis of multiple myeloma is being treated with bortezomib. The nurse should assess for what adverse effect of this treatment?
- A. Stomatitis
- B. Nephropathy
- C. Cognitive changes
- D. Peripheral neuropathy
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Peripheral neuropathy. Bortezomib, used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, is known to cause peripheral neuropathy as a significant adverse effect. Stomatitis (Choice A), which is inflammation of the mouth and lips, is not a common adverse effect of bortezomib. Nephropathy (Choice B), referring to kidney disease, is not a typical adverse effect of bortezomib. Cognitive changes (Choice C) are not a commonly reported adverse effect of bortezomib treatment.
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