Nursing Elites

1. A nurse sees a healthcare provider administer an incorrect medication dose but does not report the error. What should the nurse do first?

• A. Ignore the situation and continue with patient care.
• B. Report the error to the nurse manager immediately.
• C. Speak to the healthcare provider directly about the error.
• D. File an anonymous report to avoid conflict.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a nurse witnesses a healthcare provider administering an incorrect medication dose, the first step should be to report the error to the nurse manager immediately. Reporting medication errors is crucial for patient safety as it allows prompt intervention to prevent harm. Choice A is incorrect as ignoring the situation can jeopardize patient safety. Choice C, while addressing the error directly, may not ensure proper documentation and follow-up. Choice D, filing an anonymous report, is not as effective as directly informing the nurse manager who can take appropriate action and follow-up on the incident.

2. A client with left hemiparesis is learning how to use a cane. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Place the cane approximately 61 cm (24 in) in front of their feet before advancing
• B. Advance the stronger leg and the cane together to support the weaker leg
• C. Remove the rubber tip when using the cane
• D. Hold the cane on the right side to provide support for the weaker leg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct way to use a cane for a client with left hemiparesis is to hold the cane on the right side to provide support for the weaker left leg. This allows for better stability and weight distribution. Placing the cane approximately 61 cm (24 in) in front of their feet before advancing (Choice A) is not necessary and may lead to improper gait. Advancing the stronger leg and the cane together (Choice B) is incorrect as it does not provide support for the weaker leg. Removing the rubber tip when using the cane (Choice C) is also incorrect as the rubber tip helps provide traction and stability.

3. A nurse is preparing medications for a client via nasogastric tube. What should the nurse do before administering the medications?

• A. Flush the tube with water and administer all medications at once
• B. Administer medications one after the other without flushing
• C. Crush all medications and mix them together for administration
• D. Administer medications in liquid form only

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Before administering medications through a nasogastric tube, the nurse should administer them one after the other without flushing. Flushing the tube with water should be done before and after each medication to prevent any interactions and ensure each medication is delivered effectively. The correct answer is not to administer all medications at once (choice A) as this can lead to potential drug interactions. Crushing all medications and mixing them together (choice C) is incorrect as each medication should be given separately to maintain their individual efficacy. Administering medications in liquid form only (choice D) is limiting and may not be suitable for all types of medications that need to be administered.

4. A nurse is caring for a client who is requesting to leave the facility against medical advice (AMA). The client states, 'I am ready to go immediately.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

• A. Teach the client about the potential health risks of leaving early
• B. Ask the client to sign a document stating they are leaving AMA
• C. Document the client's statement in direct quotes in the medical record
• D. Complete an incident report detailing the client scenario

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to educate the client about the potential health risks of leaving against medical advice (AMA). By providing this information, the nurse can help the client make an informed decision regarding their healthcare. Choice B, asking the client to sign a document, can be done after the client has been informed about the risks. Choice C, documenting the client's statement, is important but should not take precedence over educating the client. Choice D, completing an incident report, is not the priority when a client is requesting to leave AMA.

5. What are the nursing priorities when caring for a patient with a newly placed peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)?

• A. Performing sterile dressing changes
• B. Educating the patient on PICC line care
• C. Flushing the PICC line as prescribed
• D. Inspecting the insertion site for signs of infection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Performing sterile dressing changes. When caring for a patient with a newly placed PICC line, one of the nursing priorities is to ensure proper care of the insertion site by performing sterile dressing changes. This helps prevent infections and maintain the integrity of the line. While educating the patient on PICC line care, flushing the PICC line as prescribed, and inspecting the insertion site for signs of infection are important aspects of care, the priority immediately after insertion is to maintain the sterility of the site through proper dressing changes.

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