ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2023
1. A client takes atorvastatin (Lipitor), with laboratory results showing a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 33 mg/dL and creatinine of 2.8 mg/dL. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Ask if the client eats grapefruit.
- B. Assess the client for dehydration.
- C. Facilitate admission to the hospital.
- D. Obtain a random urinalysis.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: There is a drug-food interaction between statins and grapefruit that can lead to acute kidney failure. The client has elevated renal laboratory results, indicating kidney involvement. The nurse should ask if the client consumes grapefruit or grapefruit juice. While dehydration can elevate BUN, the increase in creatinine is more specific for kidney injury.
2. Which of the following is a poor food source of iron?
- A. Dried fruits
- B. Cheese
- C. Clams
- D. Legumes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Iron is an essential nutrient for the body, and while it can be found in many different types of foods, the amounts can vary significantly. Cheese, while a good source of other nutrients like calcium and protein, is not a particularly rich source of iron. On the other hand, clams, legumes, and dried fruits are known to contain higher levels of iron. Therefore, among the provided choices, cheese is considered a poor source of iron. It's important to note that a balanced diet should include a variety of foods to ensure the intake of all necessary nutrients.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about complete and incomplete proteins. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the teaching as an incomplete protein?
- A. 4oz chickpeas
- B. 2 poached eggs
- C. 2oz cheddar cheese
- D. 4oz salmon fillet
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Chickpeas are an incomplete protein as they do not contain all essential amino acids.
4. How can integration be best achieved in the community?
- A. Conversing with the people where they are and participating in social activities
- B. Bringing gifts to win acceptance from the community
- C. Engaging in household chores and cleaning the house
- D. Sponsoring a sports festival to meet more people
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most effective way to achieve integration in a community is by conversing with people where they are and engaging in social activities. This approach fosters rapport-building and helps in understanding the community's dynamics and needs.
5. What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing an acute asthma attack?
- A. Administer bronchodilators
- B. Administer corticosteroids
- C. Provide supplemental oxygen
- D. Start IV fluids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer bronchodilators as the priority nursing intervention for a patient with an acute asthma attack. Bronchodilators help open the airways and improve airflow, which is crucial in managing acute asthma symptoms. Administering corticosteroids (Choice B) is also important in the treatment plan, but it is not the priority intervention during an acute attack. Providing supplemental oxygen (Choice C) may be necessary but is not the priority initial intervention. Starting IV fluids (Choice D) is not typically indicated as a priority intervention for an acute asthma attack.
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