Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is teaching about food choices for a client on a low-sodium diet. What food should the nurse recommend?

• A. Canned soup
• B. Fresh fruit
• C. Processed meats
• D. Frozen meals

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fresh fruit is a good option for clients on a low-sodium diet as it is naturally low in sodium. Canned soup, processed meats, and frozen meals tend to be high in sodium due to added salt and preservatives, making them unsuitable choices for individuals on a low-sodium diet.

2. A healthcare provider is performing a cultural assessment of a group of clients to maintain respect for their value systems and beliefs. Which of the following should the provider identify as examples of cultural variables?

• A. Health literacy, income, gender
• B. Eye contact, personal space, touch
• C. Physical activity, ethnicity, eye contact
• D. Body language, facial expressions, religion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Eye contact, personal space, and touch are cultural variables that can influence healthcare interactions. These factors vary across cultures and can impact how individuals perceive communication and interactions. Choices A, C, and D include elements that are not specifically cultural variables affecting communication and interactions in the same way as eye contact, personal space, and touch.

3. A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving continuous enteral feedings. What is a sign of intolerance to the feeding?

• A. Weight gain
• B. Nausea
• C. Constipation
• D. Decreased heart rate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nausea is a common sign of intolerance to enteral feedings and should be addressed promptly. Weight gain (Choice A) is not typically a sign of intolerance to enteral feedings but may indicate other health issues. Constipation (Choice C) is not a common sign of feeding intolerance. Decreased heart rate (Choice D) is not typically associated with intolerance to enteral feedings.

4. A nurse receives a report from an assistive personnel that a client's BP is 160/95. What should the nurse do first?

• A. Administer antihypertensive medication
• B. Notify the healthcare provider
• C. Recheck the blood pressure
• D. Document the blood pressure in the chart

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse in this scenario is to recheck the blood pressure. This step is crucial to confirm the accuracy of the initial reading. Administering antihypertensive medication without verifying the blood pressure could lead to inappropriate treatment. Notifying the healthcare provider can be done after ensuring the accuracy of the reading. Simply documenting the blood pressure without validation may result in acting on potentially incorrect information. Therefore, the priority is to recheck the blood pressure.

5. A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus needs instruction on foot care. What advice should the nurse provide?

• A. Soak feet in warm water daily
• B. Wear shoes at all times
• C. Cut toenails in a rounded shape
• D. Inspect the feet weekly

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Wear shoes at all times.' This instruction is crucial for clients with diabetes as it helps protect the feet from potential injuries. Choice A of soaking feet in warm water daily can lead to skin issues and should be avoided. Cutting toenails in a rounded shape, as mentioned in choice C, can increase the risk of ingrown toenails. While inspecting the feet weekly, as in choice D, is important, wearing shoes at all times is a more preventative measure to avoid foot injuries in diabetic clients.

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