ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A nurse is teaching a client who has heart failure about a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. You should take this medication in the morning to reduce urination during the day.
- B. You may experience ringing in your ears as a side effect.
- C. This medication may cause your potassium level to decrease.
- D. You should consume foods high in potassium while taking this medication.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement to include when teaching a client about furosemide is that it may cause potassium levels to decrease. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia, emphasizing the importance of monitoring potassium levels. Option A is incorrect because furosemide is usually taken in the morning to prevent nighttime diuresis. Option B is incorrect as tinnitus, not ringing in the ears, is associated with furosemide use. Option D is wrong because while it is essential to monitor potassium levels, the client should be advised to consume foods high in potassium to prevent hypokalemia.
2. In healthy, physically fit women, regular moderate to vigorous exercise during pregnancy is related to __________.
- A. lower birth weight and higher risk of premature birth
- B. suppressed development of the immune system
- C. serious damage to the central nervous system
- D. improved fetal cardiovascular functioning
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In healthy, physically fit women, regular moderate to vigorous exercise during pregnancy is related to improved fetal cardiovascular functioning. Regular exercise has been shown to benefit both the mother and baby by promoting better cardiovascular health and overall well-being during pregnancy. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as exercise during pregnancy, when done appropriately, does not lead to lower birth weight, higher risk of premature birth, suppressed immune system development, or serious damage to the central nervous system. Instead, it is known to have positive effects on fetal development and maternal health.
3. If a client refuses surgery, but the family insists, what should the nurse do in this situation?
- A. Respect the family's decision and proceed with the surgery.
- B. Respect the client's decision and notify the healthcare provider.
- C. Try to mediate between the family and the client.
- D. Encourage the client to follow their family's wishes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In this situation, the nurse should respect the client's decision and notify the healthcare provider. The client has the right to refuse treatment, and the nurse must advocate for the client's autonomy. Proceeding with the surgery against the client's wishes would violate their autonomy and ethical principles. Trying to mediate between the family and the client may be appropriate, but ultimately, the client's decision should be respected. Encouraging the client to follow their family's wishes disregards the client's autonomy and is not ethically appropriate.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of terminal cancer. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the client is ready to hear information regarding palliative care?
- A. "I am ready to learn about chemotherapy to help cure my cancer."
- B. "I just want you to give me something to get this over with soon."
- C. "I want you to tell me about measures available to keep me comfortable."
- D. "I know that many people have recovered fully from cancer, and so will I."
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is the correct answer because the client expressing a desire to know about measures available to keep comfortable indicates readiness for palliative care. Palliative care focuses on providing comfort, symptom management, and improving the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses such as terminal cancer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A indicates a desire for chemotherapy to cure the cancer, which does not align with palliative care goals. Choice B expresses a wish to end the situation quickly, which may not be in line with palliative care that focuses on comfort and quality of life. Choice D shows optimism about a full recovery, which may not be realistic for a client with terminal cancer who needs palliative care.
5. A nurse is caring for several clients with dehydration. The nurse assesses the client with which finding as needing oxygen therapy?
- A. Tenting of skin on the back of the hand
- B. Increased urine osmolarity
- C. Weight loss of 10 pounds
- D. Pulse rate of 115 beats/min
Correct answer: Pulse rate of 115 beats/min
Rationale: The correct answer is the pulse rate of 115 beats/min. A rapid pulse rate is a sign of compensatory mechanisms in response to dehydration, indicating that the body is trying to deliver oxygen more efficiently. Oxygen therapy may be needed to support the increased oxygen demand. Tenting of skin on the back of the hand is a classic sign of dehydration due to decreased skin turgor. Increased urine osmolarity and weight loss are also indicators of dehydration, but they do not directly suggest a need for oxygen therapy.
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