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ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. When educating a client who has a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide, which of the following statements should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication in the morning.
- B. You may need to increase your intake of potassium.
- C. This medication may cause drowsiness.
- D. Avoid consuming grapefruit.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement to include when educating a client with a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide is that they may need to increase their intake of potassium. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can lead to potassium loss. Monitoring potassium levels and increasing potassium intake if necessary can help prevent complications associated with hypokalemia. Option A is not directly related to the medication's specific instructions. Option C is incorrect as Hydrochlorothiazide typically does not cause drowsiness. Option D is unrelated, as there is no interaction between Hydrochlorothiazide and grapefruit.
2. A client has a new prescription for Lovastatin. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Take this medication in the morning.
- C. Take this medication at bedtime.
- D. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Lovastatin should be taken at bedtime because cholesterol production in the liver is highest at night, making the medication more effective in reducing cholesterol levels. By taking it at bedtime, the medication aligns with the body's natural rhythm of cholesterol synthesis, optimizing its therapeutic effects.
3. A client is taking Digoxin and has a new prescription for Colesevelam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take digoxin with your morning dose of colesevelam.
- B. Your sodium and potassium levels will be monitored periodically while taking colesevelam.
- C. Watch for bleeding or bruising while taking colesevelam.
- D. Take colesevelam with food and at least one glass of water.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for taking Colesevelam is to take it with food and at least one glass of water. This helps to ensure proper absorption and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Option A is incorrect because Digoxin and Colesevelam should not be taken together. Option B is irrelevant to the administration of Colesevelam. Option C is unrelated to the specific instructions for taking Colesevelam.
4. A client informs the nurse that she has difficulty swallowing tablets and struggles with liquid or chewable medications due to taste. What medication should the nurse request a prescription for when preparing to administer Penicillin V to treat the client's streptococcal infection?
- A. Fosfomycin
- B. Amoxicillin
- C. Nafcillin
- D. Cefaclor
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Nafcillin is an appropriate alternative within the penicillin class for clients who have difficulty swallowing tablets or struggle with liquid or chewable medications. It is available for intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration, offering options beyond oral formulations. Fosfomycin, Amoxicillin, and Cefaclor are not suitable alternatives for Penicillin V in this scenario as they belong to different classes of antibiotics and may not be as effective in treating streptococcal infections.
5. Which of the following conditions is not treated with Methotrexate?
- A. Sarcomas
- B. Leukemias
- C. Ectopic pregnancy
- D. Rheumatic fever
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Methotrexate is not typically used to treat rheumatic fever, which is more commonly managed with antibiotics to eradicate the underlying infection. Methotrexate is commonly used in the treatment of conditions like sarcomas, leukemias, and ectopic pregnancies due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
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