ATI RN
ATI Capstone Fundamentals Assessment Proctored
1. A healthcare professional is teaching a client about the use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which instruction should the professional include?
- A. Inhale for 1 second
- B. Shake the inhaler vigorously
- C. Hold the inhaler 5-7 cm away from the mouth
- D. Hold breath for 5 seconds after inhalation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction when using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is to shake the inhaler vigorously before use. Shaking the inhaler ensures proper mixing of the medication, which is crucial for effective delivery of the medication into the lungs. Inhaling for a specific duration, holding the inhaler at a certain distance from the mouth, or holding the breath after inhalation are not as critical as ensuring proper mixing of the medication by shaking the inhaler.
2. Why does the selection of a theoretical perspective of mental disorders matter?
- A. Because it determines how data is interpreted, and influences treatment approaches.
- B. It matters because different perspectives offer different insights into the causes and treatments of mental disorders.
- C. The selection of a theoretical perspective is not important as all perspectives lead to the same treatment outcomes.
- D. Theoretical perspectives are only relevant for academic research, not for clinical practice.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The selection of a theoretical perspective matters because it determines how data is interpreted and influences the treatment approaches that are considered appropriate. Choice B is incorrect because different perspectives may lead to different interpretations and treatment strategies. Choice C is incorrect because different theoretical perspectives can result in varied treatment outcomes. Choice D is incorrect because theoretical perspectives play a crucial role in both academic research and clinical practice.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has a pulmonary embolism. The nurse should identify the effectiveness of the treatment by assessing which of the following?
- A. A chest x-ray reveals increased density in all lung fields
- B. The client reports feeling less anxious
- C. Diminished breath sounds are auscultated unilaterally
- D. ABG results include pH 7.48, PaO2 77 mm Hg, and PaCO2 47 mm Hg
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Client-reported improvement in anxiety is an indication of effective treatment for pulmonary embolism. Choice A is incorrect as increased density in all lung fields on a chest x-ray may indicate complications or lack of improvement. Choice C is incorrect as diminished breath sounds auscultated unilaterally may suggest a localized lung issue and not necessarily reflect the effectiveness of treatment for a pulmonary embolism. Choice D is incorrect as the ABG results provided do not specifically indicate the effectiveness of treatment for a pulmonary embolism.
4. What is an appropriate intervention for the edematous child with reduced mobility related to nephrotic syndrome?
- A. Assist the child in minimizing body movements.
- B. Change the child's position frequently.
- C. Maintain the child's bed flat.
- D. Keep edematous areas moist and covered.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Changing the child's position frequently is essential for preventing respiratory tract infections and reducing pressure on delicate skin, which are common risks for edematous children with reduced mobility due to nephrotic syndrome. This intervention helps promote circulation and prevents complications associated with prolonged immobility.
5. The clinical nurse educator is presenting health promotion education to a patient who will be treated for non-Hodgkin lymphoma on an outpatient basis. The nurse should recommend which of the following actions?
- A. Avoiding direct sun exposure in excess of 15 minutes daily
- B. Avoiding grapefruit juice and fresh grapefruit
- C. Avoiding highly crowded public places
- D. Using an electric shaver rather than a razor
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) often experience a compromised immune system due to both the disease itself and the effects of treatments like chemotherapy and radiation, which cause myelosuppression (decreased production of blood cells, including white blood cells). This puts them at significant risk for infections. Avoiding crowded places is a crucial preventive measure, as it reduces the patient's exposure to pathogens that could lead to infections, which can be particularly severe due to their weakened immune system.
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