Nursing Elites

1. A client is experiencing preterm labor and is receiving betamethasone. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the medication?

• A. This medication will help prevent contractions.
• B. This medication will reduce my baby's risk of respiratory distress.
• C. This medication will prevent early labor.
• D. This medication will increase my baby's weight.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct answer: Option B. Betamethasone is a glucocorticoid used to promote fetal lung maturity and reduce the risk of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. Option A is incorrect because betamethasone does not prevent contractions. Option C is incorrect as betamethasone does not prevent early labor but helps improve fetal lung development. Option D is incorrect as betamethasone does not increase the baby's weight.

2. A healthcare provider is assessing a client who is at 30 weeks of gestation and is receiving magnesium sulfate for preeclampsia. Which of the following findings indicates magnesium toxicity?

• A. Tachycardia
• B. Hyperreflexia
• C. Respiratory rate of 10/min
• D. Polyuria

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Magnesium sulfate can cause respiratory depression, leading to a decreased respiratory rate. A respiratory rate of 10/min is abnormally low and indicates magnesium toxicity. Tachycardia (Choice A) is not typically associated with magnesium toxicity. Hyperreflexia (Choice B) is a common sign of magnesium toxicity. Polyuria (Choice D) is not a typical finding of magnesium toxicity.

3. A nurse is teaching a client who is at 20 weeks of gestation about the glucose tolerance test. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. You should eat a low-carbohydrate diet for 3 days before the test.
• B. You will need to fast for 12 hours before the test.
• C. You should expect the test to take about 1 hour.
• D. You will need to limit fluid intake to water before the test.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. During a glucose tolerance test, the client is required to drink a glucose solution, and blood samples are taken at specific intervals, typically over a period of 1 to 3 hours. In this case, the nurse should inform the client to expect the test to take about 1 hour. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because there is no specific instruction to eat a low-carbohydrate diet for 3 days before the test, fast for 12 hours before the test, or limit fluid intake to water before the test in a standard glucose tolerance test.

4. A nurse is caring for a client who is postpartum and breastfeeding. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to prevent mastitis?

• A. Feed the newborn on demand
• B. Apply warm compresses to the breast before feeding
• C. Massage the breast after feedings
• D. Ensure the newborn empties one breast before switching to the other

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To prevent mastitis, the nurse should instruct the client to ensure that the newborn empties one breast before switching to the other. This helps to prevent milk stasis, reducing the risk of inflammation and infection. Choice A is incorrect because feeding on demand is recommended to establish a good milk supply and prevent engorgement. Choice B is incorrect as warm compresses are usually applied before feeding to promote milk flow. Choice C is incorrect because massaging the breast after feedings can actually increase the risk of mastitis by causing further irritation.

5. A nurse is assessing a client who is at 35 weeks of gestation and has suspected placenta previa. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• A. Painless vaginal bleeding
• B. Severe abdominal pain
• C. Uterine contractions
• D. Increased fetal movement

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct. Placenta previa typically presents with painless vaginal bleeding as the placenta is located over or near the cervical opening. This bleeding occurs because the placental vessels are stretched and bleed easily. Severe abdominal pain (choice B) is not a typical finding in placenta previa. Uterine contractions (choice C) are more characteristic of preterm labor rather than placenta previa. Increased fetal movement (choice D) is not a specific finding associated with placenta previa.

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