ATI RN
ATI Mental Health Proctored Exam 2019
1. A healthcare provider is caring for a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which intervention is most appropriate to address the client's delusions?
- A. Challenge the client's delusions directly.
- B. Provide evidence to disprove the delusions.
- C. Acknowledge the client's feelings without reinforcing the delusions.
- D. Ignore the client's delusions.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When caring for a client with schizophrenia experiencing delusions, the most appropriate intervention is to acknowledge the client's feelings without reinforcing the delusions. This approach helps maintain trust and communication, fostering a therapeutic relationship. Challenging the delusions directly can lead to increased distress and resistance from the client. Providing evidence to disprove the delusions may not be effective due to the deeply ingrained nature of the client's beliefs. Ignoring the delusions may make the client feel dismissed or unheard, which can hinder the therapeutic process.
2. A child with croup has an increased PCO2, a decreased pH, and a normal HCO3 blood gas value. Which finding does the nurse report to the healthcare provider based on these data?
- A. Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
- B. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
- C. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
- D. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The blood gas values indicate uncompensated respiratory acidosis. In respiratory acidosis, there is an increased PCO2, decreased pH, and a normal HCO3 level. This condition requires immediate attention to address the underlying respiratory problem causing the acidosis.
3. A client who has a new prescription for lithium is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. ''I will avoid eating foods that contain tyramine.''
- B. ''I should increase my salt intake while taking this medication.''
- C. ''I should drink at least 2 liters of water each day while taking this medication.''
- D. ''I should avoid consuming caffeinated beverages while taking this medication.''
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Drinking at least 2 liters of water daily is crucial for clients taking lithium to prevent dehydration and lithium toxicity. Lithium is a salt, so it's important for clients to maintain adequate hydration. Option A is incorrect because lithium does not interact with tyramine-containing foods. Option B is incorrect because increasing salt intake is not necessary and can actually exacerbate lithium toxicity. Option D is incorrect because avoiding caffeinated beverages is not a priority teaching point for clients taking lithium.
4. What is a severe and often sudden allergic reaction that can lead to breathing difficulties and anaphylactic shock?
- A. Anaphylaxis
- B. Allergic rhinitis
- C. Bronchospasm
- D. Asthma attack
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is the correct answer. It is a severe allergic reaction that can result in difficulty breathing, a drop in blood pressure, and even anaphylactic shock if not treated promptly. Choice B, allergic rhinitis, is characterized by symptoms such as a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, and itching. Choice C, bronchospasm, refers to the sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles, leading to breathing difficulties. Choice D, asthma attack, involves the inflammation and narrowing of the airways, resulting in symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness.
5. Which of the following laws govern nursing practice?
- A. Statutory laws
- B. Common laws
- C. Administrative laws
- D. Constitutional laws
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Statutory laws. Statutory laws are those created by various legislative bodies, such as state legislatures. In the context of nursing practice, laws that govern it are statutory laws specifically tailored to regulate the profession. Choice B, Common laws, are not specific to regulating nursing practice but rather are based on judicial decisions. Choice C, Administrative laws, deal with regulations set by administrative agencies and may not directly govern nursing practice. Choice D, Constitutional laws, pertain to the fundamental principles outlined in a country's constitution and are not the primary laws that regulate nursing practice.
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