ATI RN
ATI Capstone Fundamentals Assessment Proctored
1. During a focused assessment for a client with dysrhythmias, what indicates ineffective cardiac contractions?
- A. Increased heart rate
- B. Pulse deficit
- C. Elevated blood pressure
- D. Bounding pulse
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A pulse deficit is a crucial finding in clients with dysrhythmias as it indicates ineffective cardiac contractions. A pulse deficit occurs when the apical heart rate is faster than the radial pulse rate, suggesting that some heartbeats are not generating a pulse. This can be a sign of serious heart conditions like atrial fibrillation or heart failure. The other options, such as an increased heart rate (choice A), elevated blood pressure (choice C), and bounding pulse (choice D), do not specifically indicate ineffective cardiac contractions and are not directly associated with dysrhythmias.
2. During an assessment in the emergency department, an older adult client with community-acquired pneumonia is found to be confused. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Unequal pupils
- B. Hypertension
- C. Tympany upon chest percussion
- D. Confusion
Correct answer: D: Confusion
Rationale: Confusion is a common finding in older adult clients with pneumonia, often indicating hypoxia. Hypertension, unequal pupils, and tympany upon chest percussion are not typically associated with community-acquired pneumonia in older adults.
3. What amount of fluid loss occurs with moderate dehydration?
- A. <50 ml/kg
- B. 50 to 90 ml/kg
- C. <5% total body weight
- D. >15% total body weight
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Moderate dehydration is typically defined as a loss of 50 to 90 mL/kg of body weight. This amount reflects significant fluid loss that requires medical attention but is not yet severe.
4. A nurse is performing a nutritional evaluation for a client who reports paresthesia of the hands and feet. The nurse should identify this manifestation as an indication of which of the following dietary deficiencies?
- A. Iron
- B. Riboflavin
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin B12
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to neurological symptoms, including paresthesia (tingling or numbness) of the hands and feet, due to its role in nerve health.
5. Which of the following statements is correct about MyPlate?
- A. Canned fruit can be considered part of the fruit group
- B. Soymilk is considered part of the dairy group
- C. Beans and peas are considered part of both the protein group and the vegetable group
- D. Cream cheese and butter are not part of the dairy group
Correct answer: C
Rationale: According to the MyPlate guide, beans and peas are classified as part of both the protein and vegetable groups due to their high protein content and the nutrients they share with vegetables. This makes Choice C correct. Choice A is incorrect as canned fruit can be part of the fruit group if it's canned in water or 100% fruit juice. Soymilk is considered part of the dairy group, making Choice B incorrect. While cream cheese and butter are dairy products, they are not part of the dairy group on MyPlate because they contain little to no calcium, making Choice D incorrect.
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