Nursing Elites

1. A healthcare worker is caring for a group of clients in an infectious disease unit. The worker should wear an OSHA-approved N95 respirator mask when caring for a client with which of the following infectious diseases?

• A. Pertussis
• B. Mycoplasma pneumonia
• C. Tuberculosis
• D. Respiratory syncytial virus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: An OSHA-approved N95 respirator mask is recommended when caring for a client with tuberculosis due to the airborne transmission of the disease. Tuberculosis poses a higher risk of transmission via respiratory droplets, making respiratory protection essential to prevent exposure and infection among healthcare workers.

2. A client who had coronary artery bypass grafting yesterday needs care. What actions can the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? (SATA)

• A. administer antibiotics every 4 hrs
• B. Encourage the client to use the spirometer every 4 hours.
• C. Ensure the client wears TED hose or sequential compression devices.
• D. Have the client rate pain on a 0-to-10 scale and report to the nurse.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The nurse can delegate tasks such as assisting the client to get up in the chair or ambulate to the bathroom, applying TED hose or sequential compression devices, and taking/recording vital signs to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Using the spirometer should be encouraged every hour the day after surgery by the nurse. Assessing pain using a 0-to-10 scale is a nursing assessment. However, if the client reports pain, the UAP should inform the nurse for a more detailed assessment.

3. A healthcare professional wishes to provide client-centered care in all interactions. Which action by the healthcare professional best demonstrates this concept?

• A. Assesses for cultural influences affecting healthcare
• B. Ensures that all the client's basic needs are met
• C. Informs the client and family about all upcoming tests
• D. Thoroughly orients the client and family to the room

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Client-centered care focuses on individualizing care to meet the client's unique needs, preferences, and values. Assessing for cultural influences affecting healthcare allows the healthcare professional to provide culturally sensitive and competent care, respecting the client's beliefs and practices. It promotes effective communication, understanding, and collaboration, essential components of client-centered care.

4. When orienting a new client and family to the inpatient unit, what information should the nurse provide to help the client promote their own safety?

• A. Encourage the client and family to be active partners.
• B. Instruct the client to monitor hand hygiene in caregivers.
• C. Offer the family the opportunity to stay with the client.
• D. Advise the client to always wear their armband.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging the client and family to be active partners in their healthcare is crucial for promoting safety. When clients and families actively participate, they are more likely to advocate for themselves, ask questions, and be engaged in their care, leading to better outcomes and reduced risks.

5. A client has a chest tube in place connected to a closed chest drainage system. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client's lung has re-expanded?

• A. Oxygen saturation of 95%
• B. No fluctuations in the water seal chamber
• C. No reports of pleuritic chest pain
• D. Occasional bubbling in the water-seal chamber

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The absence of fluctuations in the water seal chamber indicates that the client's lung has re-expanded. This finding suggests that the negative pressure in the pleural space is restored, preventing air from entering the system. Oxygen saturation, absence of pleuritic chest pain, and occasional bubbling in the water-seal chamber are important assessments but do not specifically indicate lung re-expansion.

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