Nursing Elites

1. When caring for a client with acute pancreatitis, what intervention is most appropriate?

• A. Encourage a high-protein diet.
• B. Administer pain medication as needed.
• C. Provide small, frequent meals.
• D. Increase oral fluid intake.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering pain medication as needed is the most appropriate intervention for a client with acute pancreatitis. Pain management is crucial as pancreatitis can cause severe and debilitating pain. Providing pain relief is essential to improve the client's comfort and well-being.

2. A nurse is evaluating a 3-day diet history with a client who has an elevated lipid panel. What meal selection indicates the client is managing this condition well with diet?

• A. A 4-ounce steak, French fries, iceberg lettuce
• B. Baked chicken breast, broccoli, tomatoes
• C. Fried catfish, cornbread, peas
• D. Spaghetti with meat sauce, garlic bread

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The diet recommended for this client would be low in saturated fats & red meat, high in vegetables & whole grains (fiber), low in salt, & low in trans-fat. The best choice is the chicken with broccoli & tomatoes. The French fries have too much fat & the iceberg lettuce has little fiber. The catfish is fried. The spaghetti dinner has too much red meat & no vegetables.

3. The provider requests the nurse to start an infusion of an inotropic agent on a client. How should the nurse explain the action of these drugs to the client and spouse?

• A. It constricts vessels, improving blood flow.
• B. It dilates vessels, which lessens the work of the heart.
• C. It increases the force of the heart's contractions.
• D. It slows the heart rate down for better filling.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: An inotropic agent is a medication that increases the force of the heart's contractions, which helps improve cardiac output. Choice A and B are incorrect as inotropic agents do not constrict or dilate vessels. Choice D is also incorrect as inotropic agents do not slow down the heart rate but rather enhance the heart's contractility.

4. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following surgical repair of a mandibular fracture with fixed occlusion of the jaws in a closed position. Which of the following statements is the priority for the nurse to make?

• A. "We can teach you some relaxation techniques to minimize your pain."
• B. "Keep wire cutters with you at all times."
• C. "Use a water pick device to keep your teeth clean."
• D. "Consume a high-protein, liquid diet."

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

5. In an emergency department, a healthcare provider is preparing to care for a client with multiple system trauma following a motor vehicle crash. What should be the priority focus of care?

• A. Airway protection
• B. Decreasing intracranial pressure
• C. Stabilizing cardiac arrhythmias
• D. Preventing musculoskeletal disability

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a client with multiple system trauma, airway protection is the priority focus of care. Ensuring a patent airway is crucial for oxygenation and ventilation, which are essential for maintaining vital functions. Without a clear airway, the client's oxygenation and ventilation could be compromised, leading to severe consequences. While decreasing intracranial pressure, stabilizing cardiac arrhythmias, and preventing musculoskeletal disability are important aspects of care, ensuring airway protection takes precedence in this emergency situation.

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