ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is having a subclavian central venous catheter inserted. The client begins to report chest pain and difficulty breathing. After administering oxygen, which action should the nurse take next?
- A. Administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet
- B. Prepare to assist with chest tube insertion.
- C. . Place a sterile dressing over the IV site
- D. Re-position the client into the Trendelenburg position.
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
2. What is the function of aldosterone?
- A. Regulates body temperature.
- B. Decreases blood pressure.
- C. Increases sodium reabsorption.
- D. Promotes water excretion.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, which leads to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect as aldosterone does not regulate body temperature. Choice B is incorrect as aldosterone increases blood pressure by increasing sodium reabsorption. Choice D is incorrect as aldosterone promotes water retention by increasing sodium reabsorption.
3. A nurse assesses a client who is admitted for treatment of fluid overload. Which manifestations should the nurse expect to find? (Select all that do not apply.)
- A. Increased pulse rate
- B. . Distended neck veins
- C. Warm and pink skin
- D. Skeletal muscle weakness
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
4. Place a washcloth between the skin and tourniquet
- A. Provide a bed bath instead of letting the client take a shower
- B. Use sterile technique when changing the dressing.
- C. Disconnect the intravenous fluid tubing prior to the clients bath.
- D. Use a plastic bag to cover the extremity with the device
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
5. An increase in capillary blood pressure would tend to:
- A. increase interstitial fluid volume.
- B. increase plasma volume.
- C. decrease interstitial fluid volume.
- D. increase plasma volume and decrease interstitial fluid volume.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An increase in capillary blood pressure leads to a higher force pushing fluid out of the capillaries into the interstitial space, thereby increasing interstitial fluid volume. Choice B is incorrect because capillary blood pressure affects the movement of fluid into the interstitial space, not into the plasma. Choice C is incorrect as an increase in capillary blood pressure would not decrease interstitial fluid volume. Choice D is incorrect as it combines contradictory effects when capillary blood pressure increases.
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