ATI RN
ATI RN Exit Exam
1. A client with a colostomy needs optimal skin integrity. What action should the nurse take to promote this?
- A. Cleanse the peristomal skin with alcohol.
- B. Change the colostomy pouch every 3 days.
- C. Use a barrier cream to protect the skin from the pouch contents.
- D. Cleanse the stoma with hydrogen peroxide.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: To promote optimal skin integrity in a client with a colostomy, using a barrier cream to protect the skin from the irritating effects of the colostomy pouch contents is essential. Cleansing the peristomal skin with alcohol (Choice A) can be too harsh and drying for the skin. Changing the colostomy pouch every 3 days (Choice B) is important for hygiene but using a barrier cream is more directly related to skin protection. Cleaning the stoma with hydrogen peroxide (Choice D) is not recommended as it can be too abrasive for the sensitive stoma area.
2. Which of the following is a challenge the profession of nursing faced?
- A. Nursing contributing to the stigma of AIDS in the 1980s out of fear.
- B. Nursing practice flourishing in field hospitals during the Korean War with abundant supplies and equipment.
- C. Many nurses feeling frustrated with the lack of independent functioning after the Vietnam War.
- D. A decline in the number of hospice nurses due to ethical dilemmas.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. After the Vietnam War, many nurses felt frustrated with the lack of independent functioning when they returned home. This challenge was faced by the profession of nursing as nurses who functioned independently in mobile hospital units during the war found themselves restricted in their practice upon returning. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not address the specific challenge of lack of independent functioning faced by nurses after the Vietnam War.
3. A 30-year-old man has a history of heart transplant and is receiving long-term steroids to prevent rejection. The patient is due for routine vaccines. Attenuated vaccines are contraindicated in this patient because the antigen is:
- A. live and can cause infection.
- B. mutated and infectious.
- C. inactive but still infectious.
- D. pathogenic.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: live and can cause infection. In patients like the one described with a history of heart transplant and receiving long-term steroids, who are immunocompromised, live attenuated vaccines are contraindicated. Live vaccines contain weakened (attenuated) forms of the virus or bacteria, which can replicate and cause mild infections in healthy individuals but can lead to serious infections in immunocompromised individuals. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because attenuated vaccines are not mutated, not inactive, and not pathogenic in healthy individuals, respectively.
4. Kevin has a history of peptic ulcer disease and vomits coffee-ground emesis. What does this indicate?
- A. He has fresh, active upper GI bleeding.
- B. He needs immediate saline gastric lavage.
- C. His gastric bleeding occurred 2 hours earlier.
- D. He needs a transfusion of packed RBCs.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Coffee-ground emesis is a sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that occurred approximately 2 hours earlier. It results from the breakdown of blood in the stomach due to digestive enzymes, giving it a coffee-ground appearance. Choice A is incorrect because coffee-ground emesis indicates older, partially digested blood, not fresh active bleeding. Choice B is incorrect as gastric lavage is not indicated for coffee-ground emesis. Choice D is incorrect because a transfusion of packed RBCs is not the immediate management for this presentation.
5. A client has a new prescription for Beclomethasone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Rinse your mouth after each use of this medication.
- B. Limit fluid intake while taking this medication.
- C. Increase your intake of vitamin B12 while taking this medication.
- D. You can take the medication as needed.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should provide is to rinse the mouth after each use of Beclomethasone. This practice helps reduce the risk of developing oral fungal infections associated with inhaled corticosteroids. Choice B is incorrect because there is no need to limit fluid intake while taking this medication. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific indication to increase vitamin B12 intake with Beclomethasone. Choice D is incorrect as Beclomethasone should be used according to the prescribed schedule, not as needed.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI Basic
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
ATI Basic
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 90 days access @ $149.99