Nursing Elites

1. A client who underwent surgical placement of a colostomy is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the dietary teaching?

• A. "Eating yogurt can help decrease the amount of gas that I have."?
• B. "I should eliminate pasta from my diet so that I don't have as many loose stools."?
• C. "My largest meal of the day should be in the evening."?
• D. "Carbonated beverages can help control odor."?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Carbonated beverages can help control odor in clients with colostomies. This is because carbonated drinks can help decrease odor by reducing the production of odoriferous compounds in the colon. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Eating yogurt may help regulate bowel movements but does not specifically address odor control associated with colostomies. Eliminating pasta from the diet to reduce loose stools is not necessary for colostomy care. The timing of the largest meal of the day is not directly related to dietary teaching for colostomy care.

2. You will give health instructions to Carlo, a case of bronchial asthma. The health instruction will include the following, EXCEPT:

• A. Avoid emotional stress and extreme temperature
• B. Avoid pollution like smoking
• C. Avoid pollens, dust, seafood
• D. Practice respiratory isolation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. If it is determined that a child is being physically abused by a parent, what would be the most important goal for the nurse to establish with the family?

• A. The child and any siblings will reside in a secure environment
• B. The family will feel at ease in their relationship with the counselor
• C. The family will gain insight into their abusive behavior patterns
• D. The mother will learn to apply verbal discipline with her children

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary objective when dealing with cases of child abuse is to ensure the safety of the child and any siblings. This means creating a secure environment free from harm, which is why choice 'A' is the correct answer. While choices 'B', 'C', and 'D' might be subsequent steps in a comprehensive plan to deal with the situation, they are not the immediate priority. Understanding abusive behavioral patterns or improving the relationship with the counselor will not directly lead to the child's safety. Likewise, teaching the mother to apply verbal discipline doesn't guarantee the child's safety if the abusive behavior continues. Therefore, these options are not the most important initial goal.

4. What is the term for a barrier that prevents the normal emptying of stomach contents into the duodenum?

• A. Dumping syndrome
• B. Gastritis
• C. Gastric outlet obstruction
• D. Hypochlorhydria

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Gastric outlet obstruction refers to a condition where the opening between the stomach and the duodenum is blocked, preventing the normal passage of food. This is why choice 'C' is correct. 'A: Dumping syndrome' is incorrect because it is a condition where stomach contents move too quickly through the small intestine, not a barrier preventing emptying. 'B: Gastritis' is inflammation of the stomach lining, not a blockage of the outlet. 'D: Hypochlorhydria' refers to low stomach acid, which may affect digestion but does not create a physical barrier blocking the outlet of the stomach.

5. A client was rushed in the E.R showing a whitish, leathery and painless burned area on his skin. The nurse is correct in classifying this burn as:

• A. First degree burn C. Third degree burn
• B. Second degree burn D. Partial thickness burn
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

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