ATI RN
ATI Comprehensive Exit Exam 2023
1. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving morphine for pain management. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Heart rate of 62/min
- B. Blood pressure of 118/78 mm Hg
- C. Respiratory rate of 10/min
- D. Pain rating of 4 on a scale of 0 to 10
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A respiratory rate of 10/min indicates respiratory depression, a serious adverse effect of morphine that should be reported immediately. Options A, B, and D are within normal limits and are not indicative of a potentially life-threatening complication associated with morphine therapy.
2. Each statement is true of calcium within saliva, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Saliva is supersaturated with calcium.
- B. Saliva is a source of calcium to mineralize an immature or demineralized enamel surface.
- C. Calcium and phosphate in saliva provide a buffering action.
- D. Calcium within saliva increases dental caries.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Calcium within saliva does not increase dental caries; in fact, the buffering action provided by calcium and phosphate in saliva inhibits caries formation by preventing the dissolution of enamel by plaque biofilm. Choice A is correct as saliva is indeed supersaturated with calcium. Choice B is correct as saliva serves as a source of calcium to mineralize an immature or demineralized enamel surface. Choice C is correct as calcium and phosphate in saliva do provide a buffering action to protect teeth from acids.
3. What is the primary goal when caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
- A. Maintain the patient's oxygen saturation above 90%.
- B. Administer bronchodilators as prescribed.
- C. Improve the patient's nutritional intake.
- D. Encourage the patient to limit physical activity.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to maintain the patient's oxygen saturation above 90% when caring for a patient with COPD. In COPD, impaired gas exchange leads to decreased oxygen levels in the blood. By ensuring oxygen saturation remains above 90%, healthcare providers can prevent hypoxia and its complications. Administering bronchodilators as prescribed (Choice B) is an important intervention in managing COPD symptoms, but it is not the primary goal. Improving the patient's nutritional intake (Choice C) and encouraging the patient to limit physical activity (Choice D) are also essential aspects of COPD management, but they are not the primary goal when caring for a patient with this condition.
4. Which of the following characteristics is common in both malignant and benign tumors?
- A. Uncontrolled cell growth
- B. Rapid growth
- C. Metastasis
- D. Invasion of surrounding tissue
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uncontrolled cell growth. This characteristic is common to both malignant and benign tumors. Benign tumors are non-cancerous growths that do not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Rapid growth, metastasis, and invasion of surrounding tissue are characteristics typically associated with malignant tumors.
5. A client has AIDS. Which of these findings indicate possible infection?
- A. Respirations; 22 breaths per minute
- B. Client ambulates 20 feet
- C. Purulent drainage
- D. Oxygen saturation; 97% on room air
Correct answer: Purulent drainage
Rationale:
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