ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam
1. A client tests positive for alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency and asks the nurse, What does this mean? How should the nurse respond?
- A. Your children may be at high risk for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- B. I will arrange for a genetic counselor to discuss your condition.
- C. Your risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is higher, particularly if you smoke.
- D. This is a recessive gene that should not affect your health.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is associated with a higher risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), especially if the individual smokes. This condition is caused by a recessive gene. Individuals with one allele typically produce enough AAT to prevent COPD unless they smoke. However, those with two alleles are at high risk for COPD even without exposure to smoke or other irritants. Being a carrier of AAT deficiency does not guarantee that one's children will develop the disease; it depends on the AAT levels of the partner. While involving a genetic counselor may be beneficial in the long run, the immediate concern of the client's question should be addressed first.
2. In determining a way to make shift change more effective for the nurse and the client, a hospital implemented a course of action. After a week of implementation, the decision was deemed inappropriate. What step of Roger's diffusion of innovations is this?
- A. Confirmation
- B. Implementation
- C. Knowledge
- D. Persuasion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Confirmation. In the diffusion of innovations theory by Rogers, the confirmation stage seeks reinforcement of the action taken. In this scenario, after implementing the course of action regarding shift changes, the decision was reviewed and found inappropriate, aligning with the confirmation phase. Choice B, 'Implementation,' refers to putting the plan into action, which had already been done. Choice C, 'Knowledge,' pertains to becoming aware of the innovation, not evaluating its effectiveness. Choice D, 'Persuasion,' involves efforts to influence individuals to adopt the innovation, not verifying its appropriateness.
3. Why is it important to monitor ins and outs in patients using ACE inhibitors?
- A. To assess for renal impairment
- B. To ensure the patient is receiving adequate fluid intake
- C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure
- D. To assess for NSAID use
Correct answer: A
Rationale: It is crucial to monitor ins and outs in patients using ACE inhibitors to assess for renal impairment. ACE inhibitors can affect renal function, potentially leading to renal impairment. Monitoring the patient's fluid balance helps in early recognition of any renal issues and allows for timely interventions to prevent complications.
4. What is an essential skill for nurses in community health?
- A. Providing direct patient care
- B. Advocating for patients' health needs
- C. Educating about health promotion
- D. Managing chronic conditions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Advocating for patients' health needs is a crucial skill for nurses in community health as it involves standing up for and promoting the well-being and rights of individuals within the community. While providing direct patient care, educating about health promotion, and managing chronic conditions are important aspects of nursing in community health, advocacy plays a vital role in ensuring that patients receive the necessary care, support, and resources to improve their health outcomes.
5. A client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is receiving discharge teaching from a nurse. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will eat a bedtime snack if my blood sugar is below 200 mg/dL.
- B. I will eat more sugar-free candy to help control my blood sugar.
- C. I will check my blood sugar every morning before breakfast.
- D. I will avoid physical activity if my blood sugar is below 100 mg/dL.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because checking blood sugar levels every morning before breakfast is a crucial aspect of managing diabetes effectively. This practice helps individuals monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and adjust their treatment plan as needed. Option A is incorrect as consuming a bedtime snack based on blood sugar levels alone may not be an appropriate approach to managing diabetes. Option B is incorrect as relying on more sugar-free candy does not address the overall dietary management of blood sugar levels. Option D is incorrect as avoiding physical activity when blood sugar is below 100 mg/dL can hinder diabetes management, as exercise is generally beneficial for controlling blood sugar levels.
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