a four year old child has a history of repeated otitis media despite antibiotic treatment which treatment measure should the nurse discuss with the pa
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children

1. A four-year-old child has a history of repeated otitis media despite antibiotic treatment. Which treatment measure should the nurse discuss with the parents?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The insertion of tympanostomy (pressure equalizing) tubes. This treatment measure is appropriate for a child with recurrent otitis media as it helps drain fluid from the middle ear and prevent further infections. Adenoidectomy (choice B) involves the removal of the adenoids, which may not directly address the ear infections. Antibiotic treatment (choice A) has already been ineffective in this case, so alternative measures are necessary. Tonsillectomy (choice D) is not typically indicated for otitis media unless there are specific reasons such as enlarged tonsils contributing to the condition.

2. What is the most common complication following surgical correction of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in infants?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most common complication following surgical correction of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in infants is stricture formation. This complication occurs due to the healing process after surgery, leading to the narrowing of the esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux (Choice A) can be a concern but is not the most common complication. Respiratory distress (Choice B) may happen but is not the primary complication. Aspiration pneumonia (Choice D) is a risk but is typically not as common as stricture formation in these cases.

3. Which dietary information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a school-age child with chronic renal failure?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A low-phosphorus diet is recommended for children with chronic renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia, which can lead to bone disease and other complications. Phosphorus is found in many processed foods and should be limited. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because high sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and hypertension, while Vitamin D supplementation and vitamins C, E, K are not specifically indicated for dietary recommendations in chronic renal failure.

4. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic nurse-patient-family relationship?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Criticizing parents or making negative comments about their involvement is nontherapeutic and can damage the nurse-patient-family relationship.

5. Which parental statement indicates correct understanding of information presented regarding the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in infants?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Introducing iron-fortified cereal between 4 to 6 months of age is a recommended practice to prevent iron deficiency anemia in infants. Iron-fortified infant cereals are a good source of iron for infants. Choices A and B are incorrect because adding green leafy vegetables to low-iron formula and discontinuing vitamin C supplements do not directly address the prevention of iron deficiency anemia. Choice D is incorrect because cow's milk should be avoided before 12 months of age as it is low in iron and can lead to intestinal blood loss, increasing the risk of iron deficiency anemia.

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