a family came to the emergency department with complaints of food poisoning which client should the nurse see first

ATI RN

ATI RN Custom Exams Set 3

1. A family came to the emergency department with complaints of food poisoning. Which client should the nurse see first?

A. 32-year-old with diarrhea for 6 hours
B. 2-year-old with 1 wet diaper in 24 hours
C. 40-year-old with abdominal cramping
D. 10-year-old who is nauseated

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In cases of food poisoning, a 2-year-old with reduced urine output is a critical finding indicating dehydration, requiring immediate attention to prevent complications. The reduced urine output is a sign of decreased fluid intake or increased fluid loss, putting the child at high risk for dehydration. This client should be seen first to assess hydration status, initiate necessary interventions, and prevent further complications. While the other symptoms presented by the other clients are concerning, the 2-year-old's decreased urine output poses the most immediate threat to their well-being.

2. The HCP orders cultures of the urethral urine, bladder urine, and prostatic fluid. Which instructions would the nurse teach to achieve the first two (2) specimens?

A. Collect the first 15 mL in one jar and then the next 50 mL in another
B. Collect three (3) early morning, clean voided urine specimens
C. Collect the specimens after the HCP massages the prostate
D. Collect a routine urine specimen for analysis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to collect the first 15 mL in one jar and then the next 50 mL in another. This method allows for accurate cultures of urethral and bladder urine. Choice B is incorrect because it does not specify the correct method for collecting urethral and bladder urine separately. Choice C is incorrect because prostatic fluid is a separate specimen that does not require prostatic massage for collection. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests collecting a routine urine specimen, which does not fulfill the HCP's orders for specific cultures.

3. Which situations are classified as natural disasters?

A. Blizzards
B. A, C
C. Volcanic eruptions
D. Structural collapse

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Blizzards and volcanic eruptions are both examples of natural disasters caused by natural forces such as extreme weather conditions and tectonic activities. On the other hand, structural collapse is typically a result of man-made factors like poor construction or maintenance. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as only blizzards and volcanic eruptions are classified as natural disasters.

4. Who typically collects blood specimens?

A. The nurse
B. Medical technologist
C. Physician
D. Pharmacist

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Nurses typically collect blood specimens from patients as part of their everyday duties in medical settings. They are trained in venipuncture techniques and are responsible for ensuring that blood samples are properly obtained and labeled for diagnostic testing. Medical technologists process and analyze the blood specimens in the laboratory under the direction of a physician, but the actual collection of specimens is commonly performed by nurses. Physicians are primarily responsible for diagnosing and treating medical conditions rather than collecting blood specimens. Pharmacists are healthcare professionals who specialize in medication management and dispensing, not in collecting blood specimens.

5. The nurse is caring for clients on a cardiac floor. Which client should the nurse assess first?

A. The client with three (3) unifocal PVCs in a minute
B. The client diagnosed with coronary artery disease who wants to ambulate
C. The client diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse with an audible S3
D. The client diagnosed with pericarditis who is in normal sinus rhythm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an audible S3 in a client with mitral valve prolapse could indicate heart failure and requires immediate assessment. Choice A is not as urgent as an audible S3 in mitral valve prolapse. Choice B, a client with coronary artery disease wanting to ambulate, does not present an immediate concern compared to a potential heart failure indicated by an audible S3. Choice D, a client with pericarditis in normal sinus rhythm, is stable and does not require immediate attention when compared to a potential heart failure situation signified by an audible S3 in mitral valve prolapse.