Nursing Elites

1. A client with ulcerative colitis has an order to begin salicylate medication to reduce inflammation. The nurse instructs the client to take the medication:

• A. 30 minutes before meals
• B. On an empty stomach
• C. After meals
• D. On arising

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: After meals. Salicylate medications for ulcerative colitis should be taken after meals to minimize gastrointestinal irritation and enhance absorption. Taking the medication on an empty stomach (Choice B) may increase the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Taking it 30 minutes before meals (Choice A) may not provide enough protection for the stomach lining. Taking it on arising (Choice D) is not recommended as it may not coincide with the peak absorption times of the medication.

2. A client with irritable bowel syndrome is being prepared for discharge. Which of the following meal plans should the nurse give the client?

• A. Low fiber, low-fat
• B. High fiber, low-fat
• C. Low fiber, high-fat
• D. High-fiber, high-fat

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A high fiber, low-fat diet is recommended for clients with irritable bowel syndrome to promote bowel regularity and reduce symptoms.

3. A 30-year old client experiences weight loss, abdominal distention, crampy abdominal pain, and intermittent diarrhea after the birth of her 2nd child. Diagnostic tests reveal gluten-induced enteropathy. Which foods must she eliminate from her diet permanently?

• A. Milk and dairy products
• B. Protein-containing foods
• C. Cereal grains (except rice and corn)
• D. Carbohydrates

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Gluten-induced enteropathy, or celiac disease, requires the elimination of gluten-containing grains like wheat, barley, and rye. Dairy, proteins, and carbohydrates are not excluded unless the client has specific intolerances.

4. The client with a duodenal ulcer may exhibit which of the following findings on assessment?

• A. Hematemesis
• B. Malnourishment
• C. Melena
• D. Pain with eating

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Melena (black, tarry stools) can be an indication of a duodenal ulcer.

5. You have to teach ostomy self care to a patient with a colostomy. You tell the patient to measure and cut the wafer:

• A. To the exact size of the stoma.
• B. About 1/16” larger than the stoma.
• C. About 1/8” larger than the stoma.
• D. About 1/4″ larger than the stoma.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The wafer should be measured and cut about 1/8” larger than the stoma to ensure proper fit and prevent skin irritation.

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