a client is admitted to the hospital after vomiting bright red blood and is diagnosed with a bleeding duodenal ulcer the client develops a sudden shar

ATI RN

ATI Gastrointestinal System

1. A client is admitted to the hospital after vomiting bright red blood and is diagnosed with a bleeding duodenal ulcer. The client develops a sudden, sharp pain in the midepigastric area along with a rigid, boardlike abdomen. These clinical manifestations most likely indicate which of the following?

A. An intestinal obstruction has developed
B. Additional ulcers have developed
C. The esophagus has become inflamed
D. The ulcer has perforated

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A sudden, sharp pain in the midepigastric area along with a rigid, boardlike abdomen indicates that the ulcer has perforated.

2. Britney, a 20 y.o. student is admitted with acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory findings do you expect to be abnormal for this patient?

A. Serum creatinine and BUN
B. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
C. Serum amylase and lipase
D. Cardiac enzymes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Serum amylase and lipase levels are typically elevated in patients with acute pancreatitis.

3. Elmer is scheduled for a proctoscopy and has an I.V. The doctor wrote an order for 5mg of I.V. diazepam(Valium). Which order is correct regarding diazepam?

A. Give diazepam in the I.V. port closest to the vein.
B. Mix diazepam with 50 ml of dextrose 5% in water and give over 15 minutes.
C. Give diazepam rapidly I.V. to prevent the bloodstream from diluting the drug mixture.
D. Question the order because I.V. administration of diazepam is contraindicated.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct method for administering I.V. diazepam is to give it in the I.V. port closest to the vein.

4. Cholestyramine resin (Questran Light) is prescribed for the client with an elevated serum cholesterol level. The nurse would instruct the client to take the medication

A. After meals.
B. Mixed with fruit juice.
C. Via rectal suppository.
D. At least 3 hours before meals.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cholestyramine resin binds with bile salts in the intestines to form a compound that is excreted in the feces. The client should be instructed to mix the medication with 3 to 6 oz of water, milk, fruit juice, or soup. The medication should be administered before meals. The medication is not administered via rectal suppository.