Nursing Elites

1. Which vitamin deficiency is commonly associated with prolonged antibiotic use?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin B6
• C. Vitamin C
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin K. Prolonged antibiotic use can disrupt the gut flora, which is responsible for synthesizing Vitamin K. This disruption can lead to a Vitamin K deficiency and an increased risk of bleeding. Vitamin A, B6, and C deficiencies are not typically associated with prolonged antibiotic use.

2. Which dietary change is most beneficial for a patient with hypertension?

• A. Increased sodium intake
• B. Decreased potassium intake
• C. Increased fiber intake
• D. Increased cholesterol intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased fiber intake. A diet high in fiber is beneficial for patients with hypertension as it helps lower blood pressure. Increasing fiber intake can aid in managing hypertension by promoting heart health and overall well-being. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Increased sodium intake is not recommended for hypertension as it can elevate blood pressure. Decreasing potassium intake is also not advised as potassium is essential for regulating blood pressure. Lastly, increasing cholesterol intake is detrimental for hypertension as it can contribute to cardiovascular issues and worsen the condition.

3. The nurse teaches the mother of an infant how to care for her infant following repair of a cleft lip. It is MOST important for the nurse to include which of the following instructions?

• A. Feed the infant with a newborn nipple while holding him in the recumbent position
• B. Clean the suture site with a cotton-tipped swab soaked in Betadine
• C. Place the infant in the prone position after feeding
• D. Feed the infant with a rubber-tipped syringe and burp frequently

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because feeding the infant with a rubber-tipped syringe reduces the risk of injury to the surgical site and prevents aspiration. Choice A is incorrect because feeding in the recumbent position can increase the risk of aspiration. Choice B is incorrect as Betadine is not recommended for wound care near the mouth due to its potential toxicity if ingested. Choice C is incorrect because placing the infant in the prone position after feeding can increase the risk of regurgitation and aspiration.

4. The healthcare provider is conducting a respiratory assessment and is determining respirations per minute. Which factor(s) generally affect the character of respirations? Select all that apply.

• A. Anxiety
• B. Exercise
• C. Smoking
• D. A, B

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct! Anxiety and exercise can significantly alter the character of respirations, increasing the rate and depth. Smoking, while harmful to the respiratory system in the long term, does not directly affect the character of respirations like anxiety and exercise do. Therefore, choices C (Smoking) is incorrect. The correct answer is D (A, B).

5. What is the most crucial and most difficult management skill required of the M6 practical nurse?

• A. Preparing time schedules and task assignment rosters
• B. Inspecting equipment for damage and proper function
• C. Preparing reports and maintaining records
• D. Effectively managing personnel

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Effectively managing personnel. In a healthcare setting, managing personnel is crucial as it involves leading, motivating, and coordinating the healthcare team to ensure quality patient care. While tasks like preparing schedules, inspecting equipment, and maintaining records are important, managing personnel involves dealing with human factors, conflicts, and emotions, making it the most challenging skill for a practical nurse.

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