Nursing Elites

1. Which risk factor would the nurse expect to find in the client diagnosed with pancreatic cancer?

• A. Chewing tobacco
• B. Low-fat diet
• C. Chronic alcoholism
• D. Exposure to industrial chemicals

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chronic alcoholism. Chronic alcoholism is a significant risk factor for pancreatic cancer as alcohol has a damaging effect on the pancreas. Chewing tobacco (choice A) is associated with oral and throat cancers, not specifically pancreatic cancer. A low-fat diet (choice B) is generally considered a healthier choice and not a direct risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Exposure to industrial chemicals (choice D) may be linked to other types of cancers but is not a major risk factor for pancreatic cancer.

2. When does the nurse act as a client advocate?

• A. Pulling the curtain around the client's bed while changing a dressing
• B. Contacting the health care provider to request a meeting for the client
• C. Ensuring access to medical information by appropriate personnel only
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' Acting as a client advocate involves various actions to protect the client's rights and well-being. Pulling the curtain around the client's bed while changing a dressing ensures privacy and dignity. Contacting the health care provider to request a meeting for the client facilitates communication and addresses the client's needs. Ensuring access to medical information by appropriate personnel only safeguards the client's confidentiality and privacy. Therefore, all the actions mentioned in choices A, B, and C are examples of a nurse acting as a client advocate, making D the correct answer.

3. Listed below are five categories that identify the responsibilities of the practical nurse manager in personnel management. Which of these categories is most appropriate for the task 'Know what your soldiers are doing during duty hours'?

• A. Accountability
• B. Personal/professional development
• C. Individual training
• D. Military appearance/physical condition

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Accountability.' This choice is the most appropriate for the task 'Know what your soldiers are doing during duty hours' as it directly relates to being responsible for and knowing the actions and whereabouts of individuals under supervision. 'Personal/professional development' (choice B) focuses on growth and advancement, 'Individual training' (choice C) pertains to specific skill development, and 'Military appearance/physical condition' (choice D) deals with the physical presentation and health of soldiers, none of which directly address the task of knowing soldiers' activities during duty hours.

4. Infection or inflammation of small sacs that protrude from the lumen of the colon is known as:

• A. Diverticulosis
• B. Diverticulitis
• C. Cholelithiasis
• D. Cholecystitis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Diverticulitis refers to the infection or inflammation of diverticula in the colon. Choice A, Diverticulosis, is the condition of having diverticula without inflammation. Choices C and D, Cholelithiasis and Cholecystitis, are related to the gallbladder and not the colon, making them incorrect in this context.

5. Under the health services support area concept, how is the medical care under the MEDCOM divided?

• A. Six geographical regions of the United States with command authority in each region
• B. Five levels of health service support, each providing different levels of health care services
• C. Primary and secondary health care regions, each containing a MEDDAC or MEDCEN
• D. Eight geographical areas of responsibility designated as health services support regions, each of which is subdivided into two or more health service areas

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Under the health services support area concept, the medical care under the MEDCOM is divided into eight geographical areas of responsibility designated as health services support regions, each of which is further subdivided into two or more health service areas. This structure allows for a more organized and efficient delivery of medical care across different regions. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately describe how medical care under the MEDCOM is divided according to the concept of health services support areas.

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