ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Exams Set 2
1. The nurse counsels a client diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse determines that teaching is effective if the client selects which of the following menus?
- A. Roast beef, brown rice, green beans, carrot and raisin salad, and milk
- B. Cheese pizza, tossed green salad, oatmeal-raisin cookie, and lemonade
- C. Two scrambled eggs, bacon, white toast with strawberry jam, and coffee
- D. Corn flakes with milk, whole wheat toast, and orange juice
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Roast beef is high in heme iron, which is best absorbed and helps treat iron deficiency anemia. Choices B, C, and D do not contain significant amounts of heme iron or other iron-rich foods that would be beneficial in managing iron deficiency anemia. Cheese pizza, scrambled eggs, bacon, white toast, corn flakes, and whole wheat toast do not provide the necessary heme iron needed to address the client's condition.
2. Which instructions should the nurse discuss with the client diagnosed with Raynaud’s phenomenon?
- A. Explain that exacerbations will not occur in the summer
- B. Use nicotine gum to help quit smoking
- C. Wear extra warm clothing during cold exposure
- D. Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client diagnosed with Raynaud’s phenomenon is to wear extra warm clothing during cold exposure. This is essential in preventing vasospasms triggered by cold temperatures, which can worsen symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon. Choice A is incorrect because exacerbations can occur in any season. Choice B is irrelevant and not directly related to managing Raynaud's phenomenon. Choice D is also incorrect as sunlight exposure does not significantly impact Raynaud's phenomenon.
3. Which drugs contribute to peptic ulcers?
- A. Antacids
- B. Certain antibiotics
- C. Cholesterol-lowering medications
- D. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to contribute to the development of peptic ulcers by affecting the protective lining of the stomach and increasing stomach acid production. This can lead to irritation and ulcer formation. Antacids are actually used to relieve symptoms of peptic ulcers by neutralizing stomach acid. Certain antibiotics may be prescribed to treat H. pylori infection, a common cause of peptic ulcers. Cholesterol-lowering medications are not typically associated with causing peptic ulcers.
4. The client is diagnosed with pericarditis. When assessing the client, the nurse is unable to auscultate a friction rub. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Notify the healthcare provider
- B. Document that the pericarditis has resolved
- C. Ask the client to lean forward and listen again
- D. Prepare to insert a unilateral chest tube
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to implement when unable to auscultate a pericardial friction rub in a client diagnosed with pericarditis is to ask the client to lean forward and listen again. Leaning forward can help bring the heart closer to the chest wall, making it easier to detect the rub. Option A (Notifying the healthcare provider) is incorrect because further assessment is needed before escalating the situation. Option B (Documenting that the pericarditis has resolved) is incorrect as the absence of a friction rub does not necessarily mean resolution. Option D (Preparing to insert a unilateral chest tube) is incorrect as this intervention is not indicated for the absence of a friction rub.
5. The nurse supervises care of a client who is receiving enteral feeding via a nasogastric tube. The nurse determines that care is appropriate if which of the following is observed? (Select all that apply)
- A. The nursing assistant aspirates and measures the amount of gastric aspirate
- B. The nursing assistant elevates the head of the client’s bed 30 degrees
- C. The nursing assistant warms the formula to room temperature
- D. B, C
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because elevating the head of the bed reduces the risk of aspiration, and warming the formula to room temperature helps prevent discomfort and complications. Choice A is incorrect as only licensed healthcare professionals should aspirate and measure the amount of gastric aspirate. Choice B is correct as it helps prevent aspiration. Choice C is correct as warming the formula can prevent discomfort.